﻿874 
  Dr. 
  N. 
  Bohr 
  on 
  the 
  Constitution 
  

  

  infra-red 
  and 
  for 
  the 
  high 
  value 
  of 
  its 
  specific 
  inductive 
  

   capacity. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  preceding 
  we 
  have 
  only 
  considered 
  systems 
  which 
  

   possess 
  an 
  axis 
  of 
  symmetry 
  around 
  which 
  the 
  electrons 
  are 
  

   assumed 
  to 
  rotate 
  in 
  circular 
  orbits. 
  In 
  systems 
  such 
  as 
  the 
  

   molecule 
  CH 
  4 
  we 
  cannot, 
  however, 
  assume 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  

   an 
  axis 
  of 
  symmetry, 
  and 
  consequently 
  we 
  must 
  in 
  such 
  cases 
  

   omit 
  the 
  assumption 
  of 
  exactly 
  circular 
  orbits. 
  The 
  con- 
  

   figuration 
  suggested 
  by 
  the 
  theory 
  for 
  a 
  molecule 
  of 
  0H 
  4 
  is 
  

   of 
  the 
  ordinary 
  tetrahedron 
  type 
  ; 
  the 
  carbon 
  nucleus 
  sur- 
  

   rounded 
  by 
  a 
  very 
  small 
  ring 
  of 
  two 
  electrons 
  being 
  situated 
  

   in 
  the 
  centre, 
  and 
  a 
  hydrogen 
  nucleus 
  in 
  every 
  corner. 
  The 
  

   chemical 
  bonds 
  are 
  represented 
  by 
  4 
  rings 
  of 
  2 
  electrons 
  each 
  

   rotating 
  round 
  the 
  lines 
  connecting 
  the 
  centre 
  an 
  I 
  the 
  

   corners. 
  The 
  closer 
  discussion 
  of 
  such 
  questions, 
  however, 
  is 
  

   far 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  range 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  theory. 
  

  

  Concluding 
  remarks. 
  " 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  present 
  paper 
  an 
  attempt 
  has 
  been 
  made 
  to 
  develop 
  

   a 
  theory 
  of 
  the 
  constitution 
  of 
  atoms 
  and 
  molecules 
  on 
  the 
  

   basis 
  of 
  the 
  ideas 
  introduced 
  by 
  Planck 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  account 
  

   for 
  the 
  radiation 
  from 
  a 
  black 
  body, 
  and 
  the 
  theory 
  of 
  the 
  

   structure 
  of 
  atoms 
  proposed 
  by 
  Rutherford 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  

   explain 
  the 
  scattering 
  of 
  a-particles 
  by 
  matter. 
  

  

  Planck's 
  theory 
  deals 
  with 
  the 
  emission 
  and 
  absorption 
  of 
  

   radiation 
  from 
  an 
  atomic 
  vibrator 
  of 
  a 
  constant 
  frequency, 
  

   independent 
  of 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  energy 
  possessed 
  by 
  the 
  system 
  

   in 
  the 
  moment 
  considered. 
  The 
  assumption 
  of 
  such 
  vibrators, 
  

   however, 
  involves 
  the 
  assumption 
  of 
  quasi-elastic 
  forces 
  and 
  

   is 
  inconsistent 
  with 
  Rutherford's 
  theory, 
  according 
  to 
  which 
  

   all 
  the 
  forces 
  between 
  the 
  particles 
  of 
  an 
  atomic 
  system 
  vary 
  

   inversely 
  as 
  the 
  square 
  of 
  the 
  distance 
  apart. 
  In 
  order 
  to 
  

   apply 
  the 
  main 
  results 
  obtained 
  by 
  Planck 
  it 
  is 
  therefore 
  

   necessary 
  to 
  introduce 
  new 
  assumptions 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  emission 
  

   and 
  absorption 
  of 
  radiation 
  by 
  an 
  atomic 
  system. 
  

  

  The 
  main 
  assumptions 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  present 
  paper 
  are 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  1. 
  That 
  energy 
  radiation 
  is 
  not 
  emitted 
  (or 
  absorbed) 
  in 
  

   the 
  continuous 
  way 
  assumed 
  in 
  the 
  ordinary 
  electrodynamics, 
  

   but 
  only 
  during 
  the 
  passing 
  of 
  the 
  systems 
  between 
  different 
  

   " 
  stationary 
  '.' 
  states. 
  

  

  2. 
  That 
  the 
  dynamical 
  equilibrium 
  of 
  the 
  systems 
  in 
  the 
  

   stationary 
  stages 
  is 
  governed 
  by 
  the 
  ordinary 
  laws 
  of 
  

   mechanics, 
  while 
  these 
  laws 
  do 
  not 
  hold 
  for 
  the 
  passing 
  of 
  

   the 
  systems 
  between 
  the 
  different 
  stationary 
  states. 
  

  

  