[ 886 ] 



XOVII. On Atoms and Molecules, II. 

 By Albert 0. Crehore *. 



Part I. 



Models of the Lighter Elements. 



rglHE intended order of presentation o£ this subject 

 J»- begun in a previous paper f has been modified 

 because of developments that seem important. Part I. 

 of the present paper is devoted to a description of the 

 concrete forms that the atoms of the lighter elements 

 assume in conformity with the views given in the first 

 paper. The subject of the radiation of energy from such 

 atoms in both light and X-ray form, which was promised 

 to follow this paper, is deferred in order to present a phase 

 of the subject that may eventually prove to be of practical 

 value to the chemist. 



It has been found, so far as we have gone, that the 

 atoms described under Part I. unite with each other to 

 form molecules just as they are known to do by experience. 

 The computation of the forces exerted by one atom upon 

 another is begun in Part II. The forms of the atoms 

 representing helium and neon will neither combine with 

 hydrogen nor with themselves, and there is good reason to 

 know that they cannot combine with any other atoms, 

 although manifestly specific examples of their combination 

 with all elements have not been made. 



A reproduction from a photograph of the atomic models 

 is shown in fig. 1. This will be better understood by 

 referring to the diagram of the hydrogen atom given in 

 the first paper, supposed to have a positive charge of 

 two units with very small dimensions situated in between 

 two negative electrons. The same diagram will equally well 

 represent the alpha particle if the single positive charge of 

 two units is replaced by a single charge of four units, 

 the two negative electrons being retained, thus making the 

 whole charge of the alpha particle equal to plus two. 



In making the several references to the recent experi- 

 mental work of Rutherford, which occur below, it seems 

 proper to state that all of these models in fig. 1 had actually 



* Communicated by the Author. 

 f Phil. Mag., October 1921, p. 569. 



