12. 

 13. 



14. 



15. 



16. 



17. 



18. 



19. 



20. 



21. 



22. 



and the Absolute S'cale of Electric Potential, 

 Table (continued). 



23 



Phenomenon, 



For "resinous " 

 electrification. 



In discharge by gas-convection 

 the temperature is higher... 



In discharge by disintegra- 

 tion (as in voltaic arc) the 

 temperature is lower 



In electric osmose the liquid 



is displaced toward 



{Porretfs Phenomenon.) 



In the case of diaphragm- 

 currents the direction of the 

 electric current coincides 

 with that of the water. 



( Quincke.) 



When filings of a metal are 

 projected against a polished 



plate of the same 



{Becquerel.) 



The more pointed ends of 

 pyroelectric crystals are ... 



In Lichtenberg's figures the 



In the brush-discharge the 



pitch of the sound is higher 



{Faraday, op. cit. 1468.) 



In the brush-discharge the 

 frequency of the discharge 

 {Faraday, op. cit 1501.) 



The rate of loss of charge of 



an electrified body is 



{Faraday, Matteucci.) 



In general, discharge takes 

 place more readily for 



at the — pole. 



at the — pole. 



For " vitreous 

 electrification. 



the — electrode. 



than at the 4- pole. 



than at the -f pole, 

 and from the +. 



the filings are 



— while cooling 



— figures are less branched 



for — electrification 



for — is 6 or 8 times 



greater if the charge be 



— electrification. 



the plate + • 



4- while warming, 

 the 4- more so. 



than for +. 

 that of 4-. 

 than if it is 4- • 

 than for 4- . 



In looking at the facts tabulated above, the great balance of 

 evidence appears to be in favour of the view that the " resi- 

 nous/' or so-called " negative," electrification is that which 

 has the stronger claim to be regarded as indicating the true 

 2?lus, or excess of electricity. The most important arguments 

 in opposition to this view are those to be derived from the 

 phenomena of electric osmose and of diaphragm-currents, 

 perhaps the least thoroughly investigated phenomena of the 

 whole. But, on the other hand, the evidence is overwhelming 

 that " resinous " electrification tends more rapidly towards 

 dissipation or discharge than does " vitreous " electrification. 

 The inference to be drawn from the observed rates of loss 

 of charge is most important, because the law of loss of charge 

 is the precise analogue of the thermal law of cooling. In 

 addition to Faraday's results, there is a series of observations 

 obtained by Matteucci*, made with a torsion-balance under 

 * Annates de Chim. et de Physique, ser. 3, t. xxviii. p. 380. 



