﻿88 
  Mr. 
  Gervaise 
  Le 
  Bas 
  on 
  

  

  The 
  volume 
  relations 
  o£ 
  the 
  atoms 
  in 
  benzene 
  and 
  hexa- 
  

   methylene 
  at 
  the 
  critical 
  point 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  investigated 
  in 
  a 
  

   direct 
  way. 
  

  

  M.V. 
  of 
  C 
  6 
  H 
  12 
  306*7 
  

  

  M.V. 
  of 
  C 
  6 
  H 
  G 
  25(>*3 
  

  

  Volume 
  of 
  6H 
  50*4 
  

  

  Therefore 
  H 
  has 
  a 
  volume 
  of 
  8*4. 
  

  

  The 
  volume 
  of 
  

  

  6C=vol. 
  of 
  C«H 
  6 
  -vol. 
  of 
  H 
  6 
  = 
  256*3-50*4 
  

  

  = 
  205-9 
  

   The 
  volume 
  of 
  

  

  6C 
  = 
  vol. 
  of 
  C 
  6 
  H 
  13 
  -vol. 
  of 
  H 
  12 
  = 
  306-7- 
  100-8 
  

  

  = 
  205-9 
  

  

  The 
  volume 
  of 
  G 
  is 
  thus 
  = 
  £^_5 
  = 
  34*3 
  = 
  4 
  x 
  8*57. 
  

  

  b 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  thus 
  conclusively 
  shown 
  that 
  the 
  volumes 
  of 
  benzene 
  

   and 
  hexamethylene 
  are 
  proportional 
  to 
  their 
  valency 
  numbers 
  

   at 
  the 
  critical 
  point, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  volumes 
  of 
  carbon 
  and 
  

   hydrogen 
  are 
  respectively 
  as 
  4 
  to 
  1, 
  which 
  is 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  the 
  

   relation 
  existing 
  between 
  their 
  valency 
  numbers. 
  This 
  has 
  

   b( 
  en 
  shown 
  to 
  be 
  approximately 
  true 
  at 
  all 
  corresponding 
  

   pressures. 
  

  

  One 
  other 
  point 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  above 
  table 
  deserves 
  

   attention. 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  shown 
  that 
  the 
  homologues 
  of 
  benzene 
  

   as 
  well 
  as 
  benzene 
  itself 
  possess 
  volumes 
  at 
  the 
  boiling-point 
  

   which 
  are 
  the 
  same, 
  or 
  nearly 
  the 
  same, 
  as 
  those 
  of 
  certain 
  

   hydrocarbons 
  of 
  the 
  paraffin 
  series. 
  Thus 
  benzene 
  C 
  6 
  H 
  6 
  has 
  

   a 
  volume 
  at 
  the 
  boiling 
  point, 
  which 
  is 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  

   butane 
  O 
  4 
  H 
  10 
  (96), 
  and 
  this 
  is 
  also 
  approximately 
  true 
  at 
  the 
  

   critical 
  point. 
  V 
  K 
  for 
  benzene 
  256*3 
  ; 
  V 
  K 
  for 
  butane 
  251 
  

   approx. 
  The 
  volume 
  of 
  toluene 
  C 
  7 
  H 
  8 
  at 
  the 
  boiling-point 
  is 
  

   also 
  similar 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  pentane 
  Cr,H 
  12 
  . 
  Hexamethylene 
  C 
  6 
  H 
  6 
  

   has 
  a 
  volume 
  (116*3) 
  not 
  very 
  different 
  from 
  that 
  of 
  pentane 
  

   117*8. 
  It 
  is 
  found 
  that 
  if 
  the 
  volumes 
  of 
  pentane 
  and 
  hexa- 
  

   methylene 
  be 
  compared 
  under 
  conditions 
  of 
  corresponding 
  

   pressures 
  from 
  the 
  critical 
  vapour-pressure 
  downwards, 
  the 
  

   parallelism 
  between 
  the 
  two 
  series 
  of 
  molecular 
  volumes 
  is 
  

   maintained. 
  No 
  doubt 
  the 
  molecular 
  volumes 
  of 
  butane 
  and 
  

   benzene 
  under 
  similar 
  conditions 
  arc 
  the 
  same 
  or 
  nearly 
  so. 
  

   These 
  results 
  are 
  of 
  course 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  validity 
  of 
  the 
  law 
  of 
  

   corresponding 
  states. 
  

  

  It 
  may 
  not 
  be 
  without 
  interest 
  to 
  show 
  in 
  one 
  table 
  that 
  

   the 
  law 
  of 
  corresponding 
  states 
  and 
  the 
  law 
  of 
  additivity 
  are 
  

   approximately 
  true 
  for 
  C 
  6 
  H 
  6 
  and 
  6 
  H 
  l8 
  . 
  

  

  