﻿Positive 
  Rays. 
  

  

  673 
  

  

  1 
  he 
  Nature 
  of 
  the 
  Positive 
  Ions 
  in 
  different 
  Gases 
  when 
  

   the 
  Ionization 
  has 
  settled 
  into 
  a 
  steady 
  state. 
  

  

  The 
  Canalstrahlen 
  are 
  formed 
  in 
  very 
  intense 
  electric 
  fields, 
  

   and 
  the 
  kinetic 
  energy 
  which 
  they 
  possess 
  tends 
  to 
  prevent 
  

   them 
  combining 
  with 
  the 
  molecules 
  and 
  corpuscles 
  around 
  

   them 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  thus 
  under 
  quite 
  different 
  conditions 
  from 
  the 
  

   ordinary 
  ions 
  produced 
  in 
  a 
  region 
  where 
  the 
  electric 
  force 
  

   is 
  small 
  or 
  absent, 
  for 
  these 
  have 
  time 
  before 
  being 
  removed 
  

   from 
  the 
  field 
  to 
  enter 
  into 
  combination 
  with 
  the 
  molecules, 
  

   the 
  system 
  of 
  molecules 
  and 
  ions 
  getting 
  into 
  a 
  steady 
  state 
  

   if 
  the 
  source 
  of 
  ionization 
  is 
  constant. 
  The 
  difference 
  between 
  

   this 
  case 
  and 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Canalstrahlen 
  may 
  be 
  compared 
  

   with 
  the 
  difference 
  between 
  the 
  state 
  of 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  different 
  

   chemical 
  substances 
  after 
  they 
  have 
  entered 
  into 
  combination 
  

   and 
  settled 
  into 
  a 
  state 
  of 
  equilibrium 
  and 
  when 
  they 
  were 
  

   first 
  mixed. 
  I 
  thought 
  that 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  interesting 
  to 
  deter- 
  

   mine 
  the 
  values 
  of 
  e/m 
  for 
  the 
  ordinary 
  ions 
  simultaneously 
  

   with 
  the 
  determination 
  of 
  e/m 
  for 
  the 
  Canalstrahlen 
  in 
  the 
  

   same 
  discharge-tube. 
  The 
  method 
  used 
  to 
  determine 
  e/m 
  

   for 
  the 
  ordinary 
  ions 
  was 
  as 
  follows. 
  A 
  tube 
  represented 
  in 
  

  

  Fi*. 
  6. 
  

  

  fig 
  6 
  was 
  sealed 
  on 
  to 
  the 
  tubes 
  such 
  as 
  have 
  already 
  been 
  

   described 
  in 
  connexion 
  with 
  the 
  determination 
  of 
  e/m 
  for 
  the 
  

   Canalstrahlen. 
  B 
  is 
  an 
  ionization 
  chamber, 
  the 
  gas 
  in 
  it 
  

   Phil 
  Mag. 
  S. 
  6. 
  Vol. 
  16. 
  No. 
  94. 
  Oct. 
  J 
  908. 
  2 
  Y 
  

  

  