﻿778 
  Dr. 
  J. 
  Kunz 
  on 
  the 
  Corpuscular 
  

  

  § 
  6. 
  Connexion 
  between 
  the 
  different 
  Effects. 
  

  

  The 
  results 
  hitherto 
  arrived 
  at 
  are 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  If 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  free 
  corpuscles 
  increases 
  with 
  increasing 
  

  

  temperature 
  there 
  is 
  an 
  electric 
  force 
  along 
  an 
  unequally 
  

  

  heated 
  metallic 
  bar, 
  given 
  by 
  the 
  expression 
  

  

  x= 
  4, 
  T 
  3b|N|T 
  

  

  The 
  electromotive 
  force 
  of 
  a 
  thermoelement 
  is 
  equal 
  to 
  

  

  E= 
  4?f 
  T 
  log^dT 
  (2) 
  

  

  The 
  Peltier 
  effect 
  between 
  two 
  metals 
  at 
  the 
  temperature 
  T 
  

   is 
  equal 
  to 
  

  

  Q=i>4; 
  (3 
  > 
  

  

  The 
  Thomson 
  effect 
  of 
  a 
  metal 
  is 
  equal 
  to: 
  

  

  <t= 
  4« 
  t 
  B1^N 
  £ 
  _« 
  (4) 
  

  

  3 
  e 
  o 
  I 
  e 
  

  

  dE 
  4 
  «, 
  No 
  fan 
  

  

  dT 
  ~Ze 
  6 
  N^ 
  

  

  [a 
  

  

  (2") 
  

  

  #E 
  4« 
  31o 
  «N 
  6 
  

  

  dT 
  2 
  ~ 
  3 
  e 
  ST 
  " 
  

   Comparing 
  the 
  equations 
  3 
  and 
  2' 
  we 
  get 
  

  

  Q= 
  T 
  g 
  ^ 
  

  

  4« 
  T 
  91 
  ° 
  g 
  N 
  6 
  f4 
  , 
  

  

  •"*— 
  »-gJ 
  T_ 
  aT- 
  (4) 
  

  

  Comparing 
  the 
  equations 
  4' 
  and 
  2" 
  we 
  get 
  

  

  d 
  2 
  E 
  T 
  d/Q\ 
  , 
  fi 
  v 
  

  

  ^•-^^l^^-l^^j 
  W 
  

  

  Lord 
  Kelvin 
  has 
  from 
  thermodynamic 
  principles 
  derived 
  

   the 
  equations 
  5 
  and 
  6. 
  The 
  results 
  of 
  the 
  thermodynamic 
  

   theory 
  agree 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  corpuscular 
  theory 
  of 
  metals. 
  

   We 
  see 
  immediately 
  why 
  we 
  are 
  allowed 
  in 
  the 
  thermo- 
  

   dynamic 
  theory 
  to 
  neglect 
  the 
  irreversible 
  process 
  of 
  thermal 
  

  

  