﻿Energy 
  of 
  the 
  Ions 
  emitted 
  by 
  Hot 
  Bodies. 
  911 
  

  

  § 
  10. 
  Fourth 
  Method. 
  

  

  (a) 
  Negative 
  Ions. 
  — 
  The 
  values 
  of 
  ix 
  2 
  for 
  the 
  observations 
  

   recorded 
  in 
  fig. 
  3 
  are 
  plotted 
  against 
  x 
  in 
  fig. 
  7. 
  The 
  points 
  

   marked 
  thus, 
  x 
  , 
  were 
  obtained 
  by 
  first 
  drawing 
  a 
  smooth 
  

   curve 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  pass 
  actually 
  through 
  all 
  the 
  observational 
  

   points 
  in 
  fig. 
  3. 
  This 
  was 
  done 
  before 
  the 
  theoretical 
  curve 
  

   shown 
  in 
  that 
  diagram 
  had 
  been 
  constructed. 
  Corresponding- 
  

   values 
  of 
  i 
  and 
  x 
  were 
  read 
  off 
  this 
  curve 
  and 
  the 
  products 
  

   ix 
  2 
  were 
  calculated. 
  The 
  values 
  of 
  i 
  are 
  in 
  arbitrary 
  units 
  

   but 
  are 
  the 
  same 
  for 
  both 
  the 
  i, 
  x 
  curve 
  and 
  the 
  ix 
  2 
  , 
  x 
  curve. 
  

   The 
  points 
  thus 
  obtained 
  are 
  not 
  quite 
  symmetrical 
  about 
  the 
  

   line 
  x~0, 
  so 
  the 
  mean 
  values 
  have 
  also 
  been 
  plotted. 
  These 
  

   are 
  shown 
  thus, 
  ©, 
  on 
  the 
  left 
  in 
  fig. 
  7. 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  Flo 
  

  

  . 
  7. 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  6 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

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  / 
  

  

  

  

  

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  1 
  

  

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  V 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  3 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  \ 
  

  

  r 
  1 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  1 
  

  

  -^ 
  

  

  j^_ 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  1 
  

  

  

  \ 
  

  

  3 
  6 
  4- 
  -2 
  0+2 
  4 
  63 
  

  

  Sc/ile 
  of 
  cc 
  (/= 
  -03/a 
  cm.) 
  

  

  If 
  u 
  n 
  2 
  denotes 
  the 
  mean 
  value 
  of 
  u 
  2 
  and 
  if 
  n 
  is 
  the 
  number 
  

   of 
  molecules 
  in 
  a 
  cubic 
  centime' 
  re 
  of 
  gas 
  under 
  standard 
  

   conditions 
  it 
  is 
  evident 
  from 
  equation 
  (16) 
  that 
  

  

  _ 
  9 
  V.ne 
  f 
  °° 
  -o 
  7 
  /{ 
  °° 
  ■ 
  7 
  

   ±nmvr{~ 
  . 
  2 
  1 
  ix* 
  ax 
  I 
  1 
  ida. 
  

  

  ~ 
  */ 
  — 
  CO 
  I 
  v 
  — 
  x 
  

  

  (17) 
  

  

  A. 
  smooth 
  curve 
  drawn 
  as 
  near 
  as 
  possible 
  to 
  the 
  points 
  

   shown 
  in 
  fig. 
  7, 
  and 
  completed 
  outside 
  the 
  range 
  of 
  the 
  

   points 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  in 
  the 
  manner 
  of 
  the 
  curve 
  shown 
  there, 
  

  

  gave 
  the 
  values 
  

  

  I 
  

  

  iJdx 
  = 
  §-9 
  xlO" 
  

  

  -a 
  ) 
  

  

  kte=10-4 
  

  

  Substituting 
  the 
  values 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  quantities 
  which 
  have 
  

   previously 
  been 
  given, 
  we 
  find 
  

  

  i7imw 
  2 
  =3-2xl0 
  6 
  . 
  

  

  