356 The Theory of Molecular Volumes. 



Sulphur S. 



Divalent sulphur may have the volumes 22'] and 25'6. 



S = PC1 3 116-11, PC1 3 93-4, S" 22-7. 

 CH 3 -S-C = N 78-2, CH 3 -C = N57-3 21-9 for S", 

 6 H 5 -S-C = N 143-4, C 6 H 5 -C = N 121-6 21-8 for S". 



On the other hand 

 C 2 H 5 -S-H... Y 77-6, V C 2 H 6 51-7 25-9 for S". 



So also we obtain the value S = 25'6 for S IV and S VI . 



CI CI OR 



I I I II II 



s=o ? o=s=o,o=s=o CI — s— o-s-ci 

 I ! I II II 



CI CI CI 



Thiocarbonyl Sulphuryl Chlorosulphonic Disulphuryl Chloride. 



Chloride. Chloride. Acid. 



Thus Tetravalent and Hexavalent Sulphur are both 25*6. 



In Carbon Disnlphide, S = C = S, it seems to have the two 

 values 



V 62-11, C + S / +S" = 14-8 + 22-l + 25-6 = 62-5. 



As an alternative to this supposition, which was Kopp's, 

 it is possible that if S 2 has V 47*7, S has Y 23*8; so that the 

 two S atoms are equal. 



On the other hand, the volumes of the atoms change for 

 other reasons than those mentioned, reasons which are con- 

 nected with constitution, considered in a wider sense than 

 manner of Atomic linking. 



Thus may have the values 7, 11*0, and 8'3. 



S may have the volumes 22*1 and 25*6. 



N may have the volumes S'6 and 11*0 (in amines) and also 

 15' 6 in other compounds. 



