Theory of Molecular Volumes. 



979 



Apparently it makes no difference what the substituent is 

 so long as it is unsaturated. Thus, 01, Br, I, OH, and 

 probably NH 2 and COOH, would all produce similar effects. 

 Exception, doubly bound Oxygen, 0:0. 



A possible and even probable feature of these constitutive 

 effects is the difference in the attracting force between the 

 different kinds of substituent. Consideration of this is only 

 possible with more extended data. Moreover, the extent of 

 the curvature is also a point for discussion. This would 

 obviously be a consequence of the extent of the forces of 

 attraction. 



(B) aft, «7, and aS substitutions in Ring Compounds. 



The Isomers of di-derivatives of Benzene are three in 

 number : 



\ 



/ 



C — X, 



c — x 2 



c 



11 



c — x 2 



c 



If 



c 



J> 



</ 



c'- x, 



1 , 2 ortho - 



1 , 3 meta - 



1 , 4 para- - 



The compounds which illustrate the above and which 

 have been sufficiently investigated for our purpose are fairly 

 numerous, although it would be useful to possess data for 

 the di-nitro, di-amino, di-chlor &c. compounds. 



Comparison of the Volumes of Benzene Derivatives. 



Compound. 



X 1 = CH 3 X 2 = C 3 H 7 

 X 1 = CH 3 X 2 = -OH 



Xylene, C 8 H 10 



Methyl Propyl B, C 10 H 14 



Oresol, C 7 H 8 



Cresyl Meth. Oxide, C 8 H 10 O X^CH., X 2 =-OCH :; 

 Cresyl Ethyl Oxide, C 9 H 12 ! X^CH., X, = -OC,H 5 

 Cresyl Propyl Oxide, C 10 H ]4 O X^CH,, X 2 = -OC 3 H 7 



Grou 



ps. 



X X =CH 3 X 2 = CH, 



Toluidene, C 7 H 9 N.... 

 Nitrotoluene, C 7 H 7 N0 2 . 



X 1= :CH 3 X 2 : 



NH.,. 



•NO., . 



0(1,1) 



m(l,2) 



P(l,8) 



A. 



138-2 



1400 



140-4 



-2-2 



— 



184-9 



184-9 



— 



121-8 



123-5 



123-8 



-2-0 



146-4 



147-7 



1480 



-1-6 



1712 



172-4 



172-4 



-1-2 



1954 



1967 



196-7 



-1-3 



126-9 



128-3 



128-9 



-2-0 



1426 



144-3 



145-2 



-2-6 



