Hysteresis Loops and Lissajous' Figures. 435 



set of such curves up to the thirteenth order, together with 

 their resultant. If this resultant is then superposed on a 

 fundamental ellipse, the result is a characteristic two-beaked 



loop. 



Fiff. 27. 



The horizontal length from the cusp to the vertical axis 

 (i. e. the amplitude of f^ at its maximum) is in all cases equal to 



B, + B d +B 5 + B 7 , <fec. 



§ 12. Effect of Harmonic Constituents of Even Orders. 

 If constituents of even orders could exist, they would 

 produce distortions of the loop, such as are shown in fig. 28. 

 Xo such distortions have ever been observed. 



Fig. 28. 

 IV VI 



II 



Sine Components. 

 IV 



Cosine Components. 



2G2 



