Vibration Curves of Violin Bridge and Strings. 463 



much vertical motion of: the middle strings (D and A). The 

 motions of the bridge in these prints are seen to be highly 

 complicated ; the traces are, however, true displacement-time 

 curves. 



Figs. 40 and 42 show similar complicated motions of! the 

 D-string when plucked at a seventh ; figs. 41 and 43 also 

 forming a second but different pair for plucking at one- 

 fourth. It may be noted that the D is the thickest of the 

 four strings. 



In figs. 44 and 45 we have the Gr-string bowed, and 

 so obtain again the characteristic two-step zigzag. The 

 bridge's motions are here represented by traces which, though 

 so strange, are true displacement-time curves and show a 

 resemblance to the other bowed sets of this series, figs. 29 

 and 30, 32 and 33, 38 and 39. 



The remaining figures of this series deal with the G-string 

 plucked or struck. Of these, fig. 47 shows the bridge's 

 motion to have the pitch of the string with very little appear- 

 ance of the presence of the octave. In figs 40 and 50 the 

 octave is quite distinct in the bridge's motion ; while in 

 figs. 48 and 49 the octave is paramount^ the fundamental not 

 being evident at all. In this last respect these two are unique 

 among all the prints hitherto obtained. An approach to this 

 state of things is however seen in various other cases, as, for 

 example, in figs. 44 and 45. 



Longitudinal Motion of G-string corner of Bridge. (Lower 

 part of PI. IX.) — Figs. 51 and 52, for the G-string bowed, 

 do not give pure displacement-time curves for the bridge's 

 motion, as here again we did not succeed in securing a purely 

 vertical motion of the spot of light on the plate. Figs. 53-57 

 deal with the G-string struck or plucked, and call for no 

 special remark. 



Figs. 58 and 59, for the D-string bowed, are again affected 

 by an oblique motion of the spot of light on the plate. The 

 next figure, showing a superposed slow motion, has already 

 been referred to. Fig. 62 shows, by accident, the very 

 beginnings of the vibrations of the D-string plucked and 

 the consequent motion of the bridge. The plate was 

 unintentionally shot rather too soon ; hence the greater 

 part of it shows only the string and bridge at rest in the 

 displaced or drawn-aside positions due to plucking, the 

 initial motions of each on letting go being also seen at 

 the right margin of the print. 



In figs. G4 and 65 the curves for the bridge's motion are 

 again complicated by a slight sideways motion of the spot 

 of light on the plate. Figs. GG— 68 show the very small 



