Molecule of a Substance and its Chemical Properties. 913 



by means of the method of least squares that 



(A 2 -20) = 42-3 and (C + 2H) = 5*54, 



values which are about double the corresponding values for 

 the esters. The value of the left-hand side of the above 

 equation was calculated for each acid bv means of these 



quantities, and a fair agreement with the values of . , — 

 obtained. mi 



Sitriles. 



The chemical formula for the nitriles contained in Table V. 

 may be written N + «C + /8H, where a, and j3 denote integers. 



It can be connected with the value of ^~7 = in a similar 

 way as before ; that is, we may write : 



A 3 - (N + aC + £H)= (A 3 -N) -«C-/3H = ^/~ • 



The values of (A 3 — N), C, and H were calculated by the 



T c 

 method of least squares from the values of ^r~/-^ in the 



ZV m l 



table, giving 43*42, 2*051, and 1*339 respectively. Using 

 these values, the values of the left-hand side of the above 

 equation was calculated for the nitriles in the table. 



T c 

 The agreement with the values of ^~; is fairly good. 



2v??i x 



Table V. 



Subs 



ance. 



T c . 



2 v m x . 





(A 3 -N) 

 -*C-/3H. 



Acetone nitrile 



Benzonitrile, 



Buiyronitrile, 



Capronitrile, 



Propionitrile, 



Tolujlnitrile, 



OHK 



543-2 

 699 2 

 582-1 

 621-8 

 558-1 

 723 



13-67 

 32-97 

 24-59 

 35-51 

 1913 

 38-43 



37-74 

 21-20 

 23-67 

 17-52 

 29-20 

 18-81 



35-30 

 22-37 

 25-84 

 16-39 

 30-57 

 17-64 



c 7 H 5 ]sr 



C 4 H 7 N 



C 6 H n N 



C 3 H 5 N 



C 8 H 7 N 





The deviations from exact agreement that occur are greater 

 than the experimental error that can occur in the determi- 

 nation of the critical temperatures. The lack of the quantity 



