and Division of Large Numbers. 

 To evaluate 16302581^-478. 



395 



Stage. 



j 



Position of Slip. 



Mental Process. 



For 



next 

 Stage. 



Remarks. 



1. 

 2. 



478 



16 -ISA 



- =6 & 4 over 

 4 



43 





l 1 



478 



43-3x7 = 22 



22 



— =4 & 6 over 

 4 



60 





1 s| 





3. 

 4. 



478 



60-3x8-4x7=8 



-r =1 &4 over 

 4 



42 





I « | 



478 



j 42-4x8-1x7=3 



Q 



T =0 & 3 over 

 4 



35 





| 143 | 



5. 



478 



35-1x8-0x7=27 



— =5 & 7 over 

 4 



78 



Hence integral part 

 of the quotient is 

 34105. 



0143 j 





6 a. 



478 



78-0x8-5x7=43 



43 



^=8&11 over 



4 



111 



Procedure to get 3 j 

 decimal places given 

 in 6 a, 7 a, 8 a. 



| 50143 | 



7 a. 



8 a. 



478 111-5x8-8x7=15 

 850143 | ^=1 & 11 over 



110 





473 110-8x8-1x7 = 39 

 | 1850143 | ^ =8 & 7 over 



The quotient to 3 

 70 1 decimal places is 

 34105-818. 



6 b. 

 lb. 



78-0x8-5x7=43 



Same as 6 a. 43 ~ B Ar> 



-j- =0 & 43 over 

 4 



43 



Procedure to get the 

 " Remainder" given 

 in 6 b, lb. 



478 





— 



Hence "Remainder" 

 is 391. 



| 0501043 



431—5x8=391 









If the multiplication happens to be a squaring problem, 

 we can if we choose avoid the use o£ a slip in the following 

 way : — let us square 12083 : cover the 1208 with one's hand 

 and proceed with 3 2 = 9. 



