Application of Law of Mass Action to Strong Electrolytes, 429 



maximum distance compatible with the volume of the 

 liquid, then 



r-jz (SY)^cc V*, 



since N$V = V. This is what is meant by the term complete 

 ionization. If they are not, then 



r = /CV*) ") 



«*/(V*)| 



Now 



or 



and 



^jjV = K'{;\ V 3 ) } from (1) and (2), 



=K' (3) 



(l-^vi/'cv*)}" 1 ?' 



This is the required general equation of the ionization 

 isotherm. 



When /= 1 we have complete ionization, and when 

 /= constant x , we have ionization proportional to VX Make 

 /= constant x , ni=2 and n 2 = 5, then (3) becomes 



a 2 



yz vvti = const. (Rudolphi.) 



(1 — ol) V 2 L 



Similarly, but making w 2 = 4, we get 



3 J, 



(l-a)V* (l-a)V* V* 



r* X 



/ o 



i = const., from (2) . (van't Hoff.) 



(1-*)V* 



Similarly, but making n, = n 2 , we get 



^ = const. (Ostwald.) 



If a be plotted against V in either the Rudolphi or the 

 van't Hoff equations, it is found that a = l is an asymptote, 



]=.oo 

 a is approximately a linear 



function of V, the more accurately the greater V. 

 That is h 



r oc ax V+ — . 



For 



*■ i / 



V 1 , If] ; — is a very big quantity. 



J 2 J ea. 0-75 7 " 



