536 Intelligence arid Miscellaneous Articles. 



apparatus. His manipulative skill was remarkable, aud he seemed 

 specially at home in that sort of quick manipulation which involves 

 keeping one's head while making adroit and quick movements. 



He investigated the rocks of the Transandine Tunnel ; of the 

 Leinster Granite ; of Antarctic regions and Secondary Rocks in 

 general. He shared in the work of Halo measurement. Later 

 (at this time working for a short period in the Eoyal College of 

 Science for Ireland) he published an account of a method of deter- 

 mining the radium content of small quantities of radioactive 

 minerals. All these papers appeared in the Philosophical Magazine. 

 A paper on Sublimates appeared in the Proceedings of the Eoyal 

 Dublin Society. 



In November 1913 he became a Junior Inspector under the 

 Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction. 



He was gazetted Second Lieutenant to the 4th Batt. of the 

 Leinster Eegiment in April 1915, and was attached to the Machine 

 Gun Corps later on in recognition of work on machine gunnery. 

 He held the rank of Lieutenant at the time of his death. He had 

 been in France since Dec. 1916. 



What honour is too great to pay to these young scientific men ? 

 They give up something more than life : a future of high ideals 

 and aims. J. J. 



I have read with much interest Prof. Raman's paper under 

 this head in 'No. 190 of this Journal, but I cannot agree 

 with what is mentioned there on the cause of the mute-effect. 

 Prof. Raman tells us that the frequency of maximum resonance of 

 the bridge and associated parts of the belly gets altered by loading 

 the bridge, and that " the explanation of the effect of a mute on 

 the tone of the instrument is chiefly to be sought for in the effect 

 of the loads applied on the frequencies of the principal free modes 

 of vibration of the bridge and associated parts of the belly." 



I suppose that the change of pitch of the note of maximum reso- 

 nance of bridge, belly, &c. will practically be the same whether the 

 bridge be londed at its highest part or as low as possible and near 

 to its left foot. Yet the difference of tone-quality is very large, as 

 the experiments of M. de Haas and the writer of these lines have 

 shown *: in the first case the sound is strongly damped — the 

 ordinary mute-effect — , whereas in the second case only a very slight 

 damping of the G-string is noticeable. 



Secondly, I think the fall of pitch of the resonance note, caused 

 by a mute, might perhaps explain an alteration of timbre for those 

 notes whose pitch approaches that of the (lowered) resonance note, 

 but I fail to see how it should explain the great change of tone- 

 quality of even the highest notes on the E-string. 



J. W. GlLTAT. 



Delft, Holland, 24th March, 1917. 



* Proc. Roy. Soc. Amsterdam, January 1910. 



