as mixed. If it stands for any length of time add a little fresh rum to give 

 it the requisite odor, just before using. If you cannot get brown sugar, get any 

 sugar. Brown is the cheapest and sweetest. If you cannot get beer use ale. 

 If you cannot get sugar use molasses or honey. Follow the formula if possible, 

 but it admits of great flexibility. In starting a route it is wise to use two or 

 three times the quantity of sugar. Let it form a good coating on the trunks 

 of the trees. Afterward the thinner mixture will answer. Occasionally vary 

 the quantity of rum and note the results. If your trees become too sticky 

 add more beer for a few nights. Cane sugar gives better results than beet 

 sugar. Some authorities recommend cooking the mixture and molasses or 

 honey may be added to the ingredients. A quart each of brown sugar, 

 molasses and stale beer may be heated and allowed to boil for two or three 

 minutes,, stirring well. Keep in open receptacles until needed for use and then 

 add the rum. 



WHERE BEER AND RUM CANNOT BE OBTAINED. 



In prohibition districts, and in the army, beer and rum cannot be 

 obtained. Fortunately there are very good substitutes which will answer fairly 

 well. J. H. Comstock's "Insect Life" recommends "a paste made of sugar 

 and water; unrefined sugar is the best for this purpose as it has a stronger 

 odor than white sugar." Strecker gives cider and sugar. Packard's "En- 

 tomology for Beginners" suggests sugar and vinegar. Honey smeared upon 

 trees, comb and all, attracts moths. W. C. Dukes, Mobile, Alabama, writes: 

 "We have had fair luck with limburger cheese, and last year my wife made 

 'grape-juice' from Catawba grapes and I used the pulp after she had finished, 

 both smearing on the trees and hanging the bag up, and it attracted both 

 moths and flies and also beetles. I have a friend, Prof. Smith, Curator of the 

 University of Alabama, who spent some years collecting in Paraguay. South 

 America, and he says he had best luck using his guide's undershirt, which was 

 saturated all day with perspiration. He would hang it up at night and the 

 moths would flock to it." Herman Strecker says: "Soak pieces of dried apple 

 and string them with a darning needle on pieces of twine and festoon them on 

 fences, trunks of trees, and other places." Decayed fish or the rind of a side 

 of bacon, or cloths saturated with the brine from meats, have each been 

 used with success. A mixture of sugar and rotten apples, or other decaying 

 fruits is extremely good. Nathan Banks in "Directions for Collecting and 

 Preserving Insects," says: "A mixture of sugar and vinegar, or sugar and 

 molasses, to which is often added beer or some other alcoholic liquor, is most 

 favored by collectors. 



THE SWEET SAP OF CERTAIN TREES. 



Bentley B. Fulton of The New York Agricultural Experiment Station, 

 Geneva, N. Y., writes that he has obtained large numbers of moths on 

 maple trees from which the sap was flowing and from the stump of a tree that 

 had recently been felled. He writes: "I collected them just after dusk. 

 They were so full and contented that I had no trouble in picking them up with 

 my fingers and dropping them in the bottle. Certain birch trees also have 

 sweep sap in Spring, but I have never tried tapping them for collecting." Oscar 

 Hagen of Salt Lake City, Utah, writes that sap oozes from the holes bored 

 by larvae in the Lombardy poplar and that butterflies collect upon it. He 



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