146 BR. J. ENT. NAT. HIST., 7: 1994 



from aberrant parents also produced from cold-shocked pupae. The present brood 

 contained specimens considerably more aberrant than the parents (perhaps suggesting 

 that selection for a strain more receptive to cold-shocks is possible). They compared 

 with some very extreme wild-captured forms from Devon in the 1940s, illustrated 

 in the Colour identification guide to butterflies of the British Isles, Viking, 1973. 



Barrington, R. D. G. — Two generations from a female Maniola jurtina L. ab. 

 excessa Leeds taken in Dorset, vii.1991. The original parent had two strong extra 

 black spots on each forewing below the apical spot. The F! of 31 insects was a graded 

 series from type to good examples of excessa. The F 2 generation (from F, excessa 

 parents) of 19 insects was again graded from type through to an extreme female 

 example of excessa having two very heavy extra pupilled spots on each forewing, 

 and a spot at the anal angle of the upperside hindwing (Plate I, Fig. 9). This is a 

 multifactorial/polygenic form (i.e. controlled by a number of genes having an additive 

 effect). Wild-captured aberrations included a male Lysandra coridon Poda ab. 

 ultrafowleri-margino B.&.L., Thymelicus sylvestris Poda ab. pallida Tutt, (a female 

 with white ground colour) and a female Anthocharis cardamines L. with a streaked 

 discal spot. 



Callow M. A pair of Argynnis paphia L. ab. confluens Spuler (2 and 3.vii.l993) 

 and two extremes of Ladoga Camilla L. ab. obliterae Robson & Gardner (vi/vii.1993). 

 A strongly marked male Lysandra coridon Poda ab. striata Tutt (Dorset, 1993) with 

 a single streak from a submarginal spot through the discoidal spot to the basal spot 

 on each forewing. A good male T. sylvestris ab. intermedia Frohawk (Plate I, Fig. 

 4) with yellow-white groundcolour taken on 7.vii.l992 from among many hundreds 

 observed. 



Dennis, R. C. — A breeding experiment with Pyronia tithonus L. from an original 

 parent transitional to ab. caeca Tutt (an example of caeca taken by the exhibitor was 

 illustrated in Br. J. Ent. Nat. Hist. 1991; 4: Plate I). The F, of 4 females and 39 

 males contained 22% aberrations. The F 2 of 15 females and 23 males contained 51% 

 aberrations. It is probable that this is a dominant form, although the ratios of 

 aberrations to type (the original parent being assumed to be heterozygous) fell short 

 of the expected (which would be 50% aberrations and 75% aberrations in the F[ and 

 F 2 respectively). However, it is likely, given the shortage of females in both broods, 

 that the gene has a weakening effect, hence the reduced percentages of aberrations. 



Also shown were a female Melanargia galathea L. with a black patch on the right 

 forewing (and deformed venation in this area), most likely caused by damage to the 

 pupa or disease, and a female with reduced and pale markings. Two females of 

 Lysandra coridon with darkened undersides and a male showing both ab. ultrafowleri 

 South and ab. caeca Courv. Two bleached specimens of M. jurtina and a female 

 example with the forewing fulvous very pale on the underside. 



Jones, A. M. — A pair of melanic aberrations of Argynnis paphia, the male ab. 

 confluens Spuler and the female a very dark ab. ocellata Frings. Two extreme L. 

 Camilla L. ab. nigrina Weymer and an example of the less extreme ab. obliterae Robson 

 and Gardner. All of these insects were in perfect condition. The exhibitor, having 

 noticed Camilla pupating in the wild at a time of hot weather in early June 1993, 

 was encouraged to search for melanic forms of both species during the flight period, 

 with subsequent success. A fine and extreme aberration of Quercusia quercus L., 

 a female bred from wild ova. The underside hindwings were ab. latefasciata Courv. 

 (Plate I, Fig. 7) with broad white banding, and the dark forewings were tending 

 towards ab. infraobscura Goodson. A bred gynandromorph of Anthocharis 

 cardamines L. with orange on the underside of the forewings of an otherwise entirely 

 female insect. A bred example of Pararge aegeria L. ab. cockaynei Goodson, iii. 1993. 



