264 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



escape of the fish when once in the bowl. For the description and 

 illustrations of this (Figs. 7 to 12) I am indebted to Mr. James W. Milner. 



rig. 1- The pound-nets are commonly made 



^ of 20-thread soft laid seine-twine, net- 



ted by hand or woven by machinery, 

 and well saturated with tar. They 

 have several parts, termed the 

 "leader," the "heart," the "pot," 

 "bowl," or "crib," and the "tunnel." 



The Leader, (Fig. 7.) — The leader 

 is merely a net fence that guides the 

 fishes, in their attempt to get around 

 it, into the heart. 



Small piles, of six or seven inches 

 diameter, are driven into the lake- 

 bottom, until about two feet only 

 stand above the surface. The piles 

 ris. 



XX* 



extend in a row, four rods apart, for a length of from sixty to two hundred rods, gen- 

 erally beginning near the shore, and extending directly out into the lake,' but often 

 started where there are favorable shoals, as far as four, and once even six miles from the 

 shore. Upon these piles a net is stretched, extending from the top of the water to the 

 bottom. The leader is made in pieces, ten rods in length. The top of the net is se- 

 cured to the pile by a short rope, and weights are attached to the bottom, stones weigh- 

 ing from fifty to seventy-five pounds, every two rods. The mesh of the leader is 4J inches. 

 The Heart, (Figure 7.) — The shape of its outline gives this part of the net its name. 

 Each side of the heart is a net, eight rods in length, set close to the lake-bottom, and 

 reaching above the water two feet. The shore ends are secured to piles, driven each 

 ten feet from the last pile of the leader, leaving an opening or entrance ten feet wide, 

 on each side of the leader, through which the fish pass. The net is carried round inside 

 of piles, arranged in the outline of the sides of a heart, until the outer euds approach 

 each other to within ten feet, the width of the tunnel. These cuds are tied fast to 

 scantling, (1), fig. 11) and the scantlings are fastened snugly to the piles on each side of 

 the tunnel-opening. The lower end of each scantling has attached an iron ring, which 

 is put over the upper end of the pile and slid down to the bottom, while the upper end 

 of the scantling is lashed to the head of the pile. There are three other piles on eacli 

 side, besides those at the ends. The net is secured at the top by gays, three feet loug, 

 and the bottom is weighted with stones, the same as the leader, opposite and between 

 the piles. The mesh of the heart is usually 3J to 4 inches, extension measure. 



