THE BIOLOGICAL REVIEW. 45 



surface often with deep longitudinal flutings ; distal end with 

 an expanded mouth, which is sometimes uniform like that 

 of a cornet, but is usually cut into two or more triangular, 

 petal-like, reflexed, appendages ; mouth with an abundance of 

 greyish pile. ' 



These galls do not appear to be from leaf buds, and I have 

 not yet found a leaf deformed by them. I have, on a few 

 occasions, found galls growing from flower discs. 



In September, 1884, I made a collection of thirty-one of these 

 galls in Toronto High Park. Producers began to come out 

 April 20th, 1885, and parasites some time later. 



The gall, the producer and the two species of parasite bred 

 from it, so far as I knew, were undescribed species, and I gave 

 to the producer the provisional name Diplosis helianthi, and to 

 one of the two parasites, having an unusually long ovapositor, 

 Torymns longior, and to the other Torymns helianthi, for 

 convenience in my collection. 



A lot of forty-seven galls, collected from the banks of the 

 Humber in the fall of 1887, gave producers and parasites from 

 May 10th, 1888, to June 25th, 1888. 



A lot of over 200 galls was collected October 9, 1892, and 

 April, 1893. Producers emerged from May 16, 1893, to June 



19, 1893, sparingly towards the last date ; they were most 

 numerous May 29 to May 31. From May 26, 1893, to 

 June 11, Torymus longior emerged, 9s preceding <^s. From 

 June 1 to July 7, Torymus helianthi emerged. From June 4 to 

 June 9 a small parasite, a Copidosoma, emerged. On May 30, 

 a pretty little tineid moth emerged ; expanse of wing, 7 mm., 

 with a deep, pale brownish fringe and two brownish lines on the 

 primaries, commencing about the middle of the outer margin, 

 and running backwards and inwards, but not reaching the inner 

 margin ; these brownish lines are separated by a white line of 

 about equal width. 



This tineid appears to be generically identical with inquline 

 species, occasionally found in willow and other galls. On May 



20, one ^ Ormyrus, and on June 6, a very pretty, small, straw- 

 colored cecidomyid inquline emerged. 



Diplosis helianthi is of full generic size, of a smoky, dark 



