THE WOMBAT. 57 



SOME POINTS IN CONNECTION WITH 



TONING AND FIXING GELATINO- 



CHLORIDE PRINTS.* 



Read by C. H. Bothamley before the British 

 Photographic Convention. 



The object of this paper is to call attention to certain points 

 in connection with toning and fixing, more especially with a 

 view to a better understanding of the changes that take 

 place in what is commonly known as the combined toning and 

 fixing bath. 



It is sometimes urged that since good results can be 

 obtained by the use of separate and successive toning and 

 fixing baths, the combined bath should be avoided. As a 

 matter of fact, however, there is a somewhat widespread 

 opinion in which I, for one, share, that a good combined bath 

 giving results equally permanent with those obtained by the 

 use of separate baths, would be a very great advantage. 

 From a commercial point of view there would be much 

 saving in the cost of production owing to the reduction in 

 the number of washings and the labour in general, and from 

 the amateur point of view the saving of time would probably 

 lead to much more printing being done. 



The experiments described in this paper and illustrated 

 by the examples exhibited are only to be regarded as of a 

 preliminary character, although they lead to some definite 

 conclusions. One of the oldest of toning processes is that in 



* " The Canadian Photographic Journal,'' November, 1895. 



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