144 Jupiter without Satellites. 



tion of the yielding material in a much higher degree than that 

 occasioned by the breakers." In actions of this kind they 

 find an explanation of the increase and decrease and total 

 disappearance of such islands. 



The paper from which we have extracted the preceding 

 information is illustrated by four large plates ; the first is a 

 reduction of the Admiralty chart of the Santorin group, with 

 soundings of the adjacent waters ; the second is a map, showing 

 the successive enlargement of Nea Kaimeni ; the third (called 

 Plate II.) is a remarkably beautiful and interesting photograph 

 of a model of the island and adjacent sea-bed, made by Herr 

 Stiibel ; the fourth (called Plate III.) contains two fme photo- 

 graphs, one depicting a bird's-eye view of the island, previous 

 to the eruption of 1866, and the other exhibiting their configu- 

 ration after it, and showing the column of steam rising from 

 the volcanic vents. These illustrations are very instructive, 

 and will be highly esteemed by students of volcanic action. 



JUPITER WITHOUT SATELLITES. 



On the 21st of August the remarkable spectacle of Jupiter 

 without his attendant satellites gratified the eyes of numerous 

 observers. In London the weather was scarcely propitious, as 

 a number of clouds were flitting slowly across the sky, and, at 

 convenient hours, only occasional glimpses of the planet could 

 be obtained. In some other localities a cloudless sky offered 

 greater facilities, but those who were only favoured with 

 intermittent views had much reason to be gratified with the 

 singularity and beauty of the spectacle. 



Of course the phrase, " Jupiter without satellites," is not 

 literally true. The satellites had not forsaken their primary, 

 but, by a series of remarkable coincidences, they all ceased 

 for an hour and three-quarters to occupy visible positions at 

 his sides ; so that, in any telescope not powerful enough to 

 show the shadows, or the bodies of those that were on his 

 disk, his luminous globe appeared wandering alone. 



Jupiter is an enormous planet, the largest of our system, 

 being 1300 times as big as our earth, and having a diameter 

 of no less than 87,000 miles. Mr. Breen, in his " Planetary 

 Worlds," makes the following concise remarks respecting the 

 four satellites of this wondrous globe. He says, " The three 

 inner satellites move all very nearly in the piano of the 

 equator ; but the fourth is slightly inclined to it. In conse- 

 quence of this, and their proximity to Jupiter, the three first 



