258 The Grave-mounds of Derbyshire, and their Contents. 



enclosure (here shown) formed of ten "rough limestones, and 

 consisted of " a female in the very prime of life and a child of 

 about four years of age ; the former had been placed on the 

 floor of the grave on her left side, with the knees drawn up ; 

 the child was placed above her, and rather behind her shoulders; 

 they were surrounded and covered with innumerable bones of 

 the water-vole, or rat, and near the woman was a cow's tooth, 

 an article uniformly found with the more ancient interments." 

 Round her neck was the necklace engraved above. It was 

 formed of variously shaped beads and three ornaments of jet 

 and bone, curiously ornamented. The various pieces of this 

 elaborate necklace count 420 in number — 348 being thin laminae, 

 54 of cylindrical form, and the remaining 18 being conical studs 

 and perforated plates, some of which are ornamented with 

 punctures. 



The skull of the woman was so perfect in condition, and was 

 so excellent an example in every respect, that it was chosen as 

 the type of the ancient British female, for figuring in that mag- 

 nificent work (from which our engraving is taken) by Drs. J. 

 Barnard Davis and Thurnam, the " Crania Britannica," — a 

 work which is invaluable to ethnologists, and to archaeologists 

 in general. 



Of Jet studs, the example here given from Gospel Hillock 



will convey a good idea of the most usual type. Ifc was found 

 along with the flint celt already described. 



The implements of bone found in the Celtic grave-mounds 

 of Derbyshire, consist chiefly of modelling tools, (supposed to 





be used in the manufacture of pottery), pins, studs, and other 

 personal orn ■, lance -heads, spear-heads, whistles, (?) 



mesh-rules, hammers and beads. 



In BRONZE the articles found arc celts, daggers, awls, pins, 



