Roman Pottery — The TFpchurch Ware. 165 



of another kind of ornamentation found on the Upchurcli 

 pottery, formed by parallel intersecting lines. In its shape, 

 this vessel has much the appearance of a sepulchral urn. A 

 considerable quantity of this pottery is without ornament at 

 all. Among this unornamented pottery are found especially 

 jug-shaped vessels, commonly with a handle, like that repre- 

 sented in the last figure in our plate. Two similar vessels are 

 represented in our woodcut (8 and 9) ; in which I give also a 

 curiously- shaped plain urn (7), and an unornamented vessel of 

 another form (6). 



At different spots over the locality which was covered by 

 these potteries, Mr. Roach Smith has found remains which, 

 indicate the former existence of kilns, and further researches 

 will most probably bring to light some of the kilns themselves. 

 Traces have also been found of the residences and of the graves 

 of the potters. There appears to have been a more extensive 

 settlement — a potters' village, or little town — on the higher 

 ground, bordering the marshes at Halstow. cc In the Halstow 

 marshes," Mr. Eoach Smith observes, " I noticed, at a par- 

 ticular spot, a considerable quantity of tiles and stones, which 

 I could not positively identify as having been used in buildings ; 

 but adjoining the church, near the creek, there are abundance 

 of fragments of tiles of various kinds, that clearly show the 

 locality to have been the site of buildings, which, if we may 

 judge from their debris, must have been tolerably extensive. 

 On the sides of the church, facing the creek, an embankment 

 has been thrown up to protect the land from the sea ; this 

 defence is filled with broken tiles and pottery, which also 

 literally cover the shores. The church itself, probably of 

 Saxon origin, has a large quantity of Roman masonry worked 

 into the walls, and in a field west of the church, in the side of 

 a well sunk for water, for purposes of brick making, I noticed 

 a tier of Roman tiles, which appeared to be part of a hypo- 

 caust. j; 



