146 Tlie Planet Saturn. 



Aug. 9, Dawes found the unenlightened ansae with 6^in. not 

 quite invisible on the sky, of a deep coppery tinge like the 

 eclipsed moon. On many other evenings the visibility of the 

 dark side is noted; just as by Bond and others ; but Dawes 

 differs from them in thinking that what was seen was not the 

 edge, or light through openings, but the whole surface feebly 

 illuminated, more probably by atmospheric twilight than by 

 reflection from the ball (an idea which had occurred to Iji) . 

 The ring across the globe appeared less dark than its shadow 

 when it was possible to distinguish them ; a difference which 

 was also noted by Schmidt, Sept. 19, with the addition that 

 these details were much less distinct towards W. limb. 20, 

 21, nearly the same. Oct. 12, while ring invisible, he and 

 Brunnow at Bilk saw shadow plainer and sharper E. Dec. 3, 

 Schm. the same again. 



During this season Bond II. found, July 10, the band 

 across the ball not quite black; 18, it was darkest near /limb, 

 B. I. II. 21, ditto, B. II. Aug. 29, growing less dark, B. I. II. 

 [as the light fell more horizontally upon it] . Sept. 18, Oct. 6, 

 not black, B. II, Nov. 13, perhaps a twilight illumination upon 

 it, B. I. 22, not by any means black, B. II. — 1849, Jan. 26, 

 Schm. saw the re-appearing shadow faint, and in places very 

 indistinct.— -1852, Nov. Lassell at Malta saw on two nights the 

 shadow not black, but like C, and not sharply defined. 1861, 

 Nov. 8, Secchi found the ring decidedly reddish across the 

 ball, though we were looking on the sunny side. 15, violet on 

 ball, darker than he could have supposed possible, almost 

 black, " truly surprising," but not well defined, whence he 

 inferred an atmosphere. 23, much the same ; the earth not 

 till now passing to the dark side. 1862, April 25, ansae on sky 

 ruddy. Hence, he says, encompassed by a strong atmosphere, 

 if there is any solid part to encompass. May 13, Birt saw 

 shadow darker than ring on ball. Carpenter, at Greenwich, 

 found the ring of a dirty copper colour. June 3, fancied it 

 very faintly illuminated. 1862, May 17, when the shadow of 

 Titan, the largest satellite, was crossing the disc, — a very in- 

 teresting sight, which I was permitted to witness, — Dawes 

 could find no trace of the shadow, which he had expected to 

 see with 8 J inches in beautiful air; the ring was like a 

 very dark pencil line, but not inky black like the shadow of 

 Titan, and there was a very faint coppery gleam, much more 

 plainly seen on several subsequent evenings, in the place of 

 the ansa3 on either side : these appearances he was disposed to 

 refer to refraction through a pretty dense atmosphere produc- 

 ing a twilight on the dark side, and diluting the shadow on 

 the ball. About the same time Huggins saw the ansae of a 

 deep bluish purple, — May 20, a beautiful dark blue, scarcely 



