1906] 



The cruciform brooches of Norway. 



47 



the knobs are concave from the underside, and the plate is nearly 



twice as broad as it is high; an intermediate stage is represented 



in fig. 57, the knobs of wtiich have a flat underside. The pro- 



portions of the whole form are thus transformed, as the bow, which 



is now broader than before and concave from the underside, must 



become a more predominant part of the brooch, when both the 



plate and the foot are made shorter. More than any of the trans- 



formations of the details do es 



this change of the proportions 



of the whole form prove, how 



far we have come here from 



the early form of the craciform 



brooches. Regarding the last 



two ligures is to be mentioned 



also the very degenerated form 



of the animal-head, though it 



is in both cases directly devel- 



oped from earlier forms. Some- 



times are found more curious 



variations, as seen in the details 



illustrated in ligs. 59 and 60, ! ) 



which apparently have a less 



direct connexion with the forms 



known from an earlier stage of 



development. 



Besides the large brooches, 

 the transformation of which we 

 have just seen, are to be noted 

 some smaller specimens preserv- 

 ing more of the original form 

 even at a time when the former 

 had been much changed. As 

 they are not numerous and have Fig. 58. Vi- 



no important variations, they 



are represented here by one flgure only (fig. 61) 2 ) showing their 

 most characteristic features: the nearly quadratic plate with small, 



J ) Fig. 59: Ertseid, Søndre Undal pgd. Mandal. C. 9189. Ab. 1879, p. 



170. — Fig. 60: Hole, Gryten pgd. Komsdalen. T. 2913. Ab. 1882, p. 127 s. 



2 ) Nordre Fevang, Sandeherred pgd. Larvik. C. 6980. Ab. 1874, p. 139. 



