1906] 



The cruciform brooches of Norway. 



23 



the surface is facetted somewhat in the same manner as the bow, 

 and the end of it is often formed like an animal-head. The broo- 

 ches shown as in figs. 23 and 24 are early specimens of this sort. 

 I shall not try here to make out the origin of this ornament which 

 has, moreover, been treated recently by dr. Salin. 1 ) It may only 

 be mentioned at onee, that we shall soon meet with a number of 

 variations of this ornament, as seen from the following figures, and 

 that the different forms of it in some points will help us in the 

 typological research. Though the animal-head is the most common 

 ornament of the foot, it is at no time the only one used, some rare 

 varieties appearing already at an early stage of the development 



Fig. 26. Va- 



Fis-. 27 



(compare figs. 28 and 29); but it is not till a later time that other 

 forms get a more general importance. 



Proceeding to the description of the upper part — „the head" 

 - of the brooch, I first note that the knobs which, generally, pre- 

 serve the more original round form, sometimes are seen clistinctly 

 polyedrous (fig. 25). 2 ) This form is probably a somewhat younger 

 variety but preserved through the whole development of the cruci- 



') Thierornamentik, p. 183 ss. 



' 2 ) Gjervik, Hammer pgd. Nordhordland. B. 2267. 

 B. M. p. 85. 



Lorange: N. Olds. 



