1906] 



The cruciform brooches of Norway. 



75 



of the foot in such brooches as fig. 92; one of the oldest specimens 

 of this sort is seen in flg'. 94. r ) This alteration is in itself remark- 

 able as it is the first transformation of the head of the cruciform 

 brooch, the part from which the type has got its name and which 

 has been nearly unaltered through so many transformations of the 

 bow and the foot. It is noteworthy that the plate and the knobs 

 are not much transformed even in so late a stage of development 

 as fig. 92. But the plate also became altered in consequence of 

 the transformation of the 

 knobs. These being now 

 three animal -heads re- 

 quired a more organic 

 connexion with the brooch 

 than did the moulded 

 knobs, and consequently 

 we generally find in such 

 brooches that the corners 

 of the plate have been 

 cut off and the three 

 animal-heads connected 

 with each other through 

 an elevated ribb on run- 

 ning along the edge of 

 the plate (fig. 95). 2 ) In 

 fig. 96 3 ) is represented 

 an intermediate form 

 where only the top-knob 

 is formed like an animal- 

 head while the plate is 

 of the same sort as fig. 

 95. Thus we miss here 

 the most constant and 



characteristic part of the cruciform brooches, the rectangular plate 

 provided with three knobs, round or polyedrous, which is generally 

 regarded as the evident mark of the cruciform brooches, but con- 



FiV. 90. 



x ) Braasten, Høiland pgd Jæderen. B. 2476. Lorange: N. Olds. i B. 

 M. p. 65. 



2 ) Tn, Klep pgd. Jæderen. B. 2514. Lorange: N. Olds. i B. M. p. 58. 



3 ) Tysnes, Hannnerø pgd. Nordland. Tromsø Museum 1286. Ab. 1900, 

 p. 261. 



