1906] 



The cruciform brooches of Norway. 



91 



In my opinion this type is not derived from the cruciform 

 brooches properly said; I think thåt it has sprang from the same 

 prototype as the series figs. 11—13 a.bove, as the form of its head 

 is most closely allied to that form (see fig. 113) 1 ) and as the tri- 

 angular foot-plate, in its most original stage of development, is met 

 with already in the half-Roman brooches from which the said series 

 is derived (see Mestorf : Alterthiimer, pl. XLIX, fig. 581). 

 The origin of this foot-plate is also best explained, if we suppose 

 that it is a Teutonic transformation of the rather broad foot seen 

 in Roman brooches of the sort given in figs. 1 and 2. 



It is an important fact that the peculiar, crosslike head-plate 

 in these brooches always appear in combination with the flat, tri- 

 angular foot; but also the 

 bow has here another cha- 

 racter than the bow of our 

 cruciform type (fig. 113 and 

 figs. 161 and 167). It is 

 thus clear that the broo- 

 ches in question appear as 

 a distinct type with hardly 

 any details in common with 

 the cruciform type. 



But their history is in 

 most respects parallel to that 

 of the cruciform brooches; 

 from Sleswick-Holstein they 

 were brought to England 

 where they are found in 

 great numbers, and to Scan- 



dinavia. In Sleswick-Holstein 2 ) this type is found only 

 cemetery of Borgstedt which is regarded as the latest 

 cemeteries of the Migration-Period in that country, though there 

 has also been found brooches with returned foot besides the cruci- 

 form brooches of an already developed form corresponding to the 

 independent development in Denmark and in the Scandinavian 

 Peninsula. Many specimens of both stages were found in the 



Fio-. 108. 



in the 

 of the 



1 ) Kvasseim, Egersund pgd. Jæderen. B. 5984. B. M. Aarb. 1905, no. 14, 

 p. 43. 



2 ) For the following details I am indebted to dr. Friedrich Knorr wlio 

 has kindly informed me about the finds in Sleswick-Holstein. 



