1906] The cruciform brooches of Norway. ^5]. 



It is important that this brooch (fig-. 184) v ) was found i Northern 

 Sweden, in Helsingland, where it r.epresents a late development of 

 a variety originally belonging to 'Western Norway. It was found 

 together with another brooch (fig-. 185) with decoration in relief 

 ornaments which are characteristic of the latter half of the 6th 

 cent. (Salin's late style I). The figure shows that the cruciform 

 brooch is transformed in a very high degree both with regard to 

 the form and to the proportions of the brooch. 



The contemporary cruciform brooches of Norway have already 

 lost all the marked characteristics of the form, as shown here in 

 the figs. 186 2 ) and 190. 3 ) The former of these brooches was found 

 in association with a brooch in relief, fig. 187, and two gold brac- 

 teates, figs. 188 and 189, which are of a much more advanced de- 

 velopment than the corresponding forms from the beginning of the 

 6th cent. (compare fig. 174 above). The other find makes the im- 

 pression of being still later if we judge from the brooches in relief 

 figs. 191 and 192. Two bracteates from the same grave are shown 

 as figs. 193 and 194. It is certain that neither find is earlier than 

 the middle of the 6th cent. and later than the end of this century. 4 ) 

 Little is to be said about the two brooches ; both of them are small 

 and plain and, although they undoubtedly belong to the cruciform 

 type, they have preserved very little of the characteristic details 

 of the earlier varieties. They inclicate as clearly as possible the 

 stage of a type on the point of becoming extinct, and they represent 

 the latest finds of cruciform brooches which I know from Scandinavia. 



a ) Utnås, Forså sn. Helsingland. Hudiksvall Museum no. 87. From Prof. 

 Montelius: „Huru gamal er bygden i Helsingland?" Stockholm 1901, p. 16, 

 figs. 35 and 36. — Dr. Almgeen has kindly informed me that this cruciform 

 brooch is the specimen which should have been figured by dr. Hildebrand in 

 „Åntiquarisk tidskrift for Sverige" IV, fig. 181, but by a curious mistake during 

 the printing it was replaced upon the plate by an English brooch, borrowed from 

 Neville, which also appears as fig. 187 in the same work. The error has been 

 repeated in some later publications, so by Montelius in „ Svenska Fornminnes- 

 foreningens tidskrift" X, p. 58, fig. 130, and by Salin: Thierornamentik, p. 190, 

 fig. 462; it was first corrected by Montelius in the paper cited here. 



2 ) Gyland, Bakke pgd. Lister. C. 7456. Ab. 1875, p. 82, pl. III figs. 13 

 and 14. 



3 ) Aagedal, Bjelland pgd. Mandal. B. 3410. Ab. 1879, p. 237, pl. VII 

 figs. 41 and 42. 



4 ) The date ot the last mentioned find given by Prof. 0. Eygh and re- 

 ferred to by Prof. Sophus Bugge (Norges Indskrifter med de ældre Runer, vol, 

 I, p. 187) is certainly too late. 



