278 

 Cichorium Endivia, L. 



South Europe, Orient, Middle Asia. A biennial plant, used 

 since ancient times as a culinary vegetable. 



Cichorium Intybus, L. 



Chicory. A well-known perennial plant, indigenous to 

 Europe, North Africa and North and West Asia. The roots 

 can be used as a substitute for Coffee. This plant requires 

 a rich deep loamy soil, but fresh manure is detrimental to 

 the value of the root. It is also a good fodder-plant espe- 

 cially for sheep. The root can also be dressed and boiled 

 for culinary purposes. The leaves useful for salad. 



Cimicifuga racemosa, Elliot. 



The Black Snake-root of North America. A perennial herb 

 of medicinal value, the root possessing emetic properties. 



Cinchona Calisaya, Ruiz* 



Yellow Pembark-tree. Andes of Peru and Bolivia, 5-6000 

 feet above the ocean. This tree attains a height of 40 feet. 

 It yields the yellow bark, and also part of the crownbark. 

 It is one of the richest yielder of quinin, and produces 

 besides Cinchonidin. 



Cinchona micrantha, Ruiz and Pavon. 



Cordillieres of Bolivia and Peru. This tree attains a height 

 of 60 feet, and from it part of the 'Grey and Huanuco Bark 

 as well as Lima Bark are obtained. It is comparatively rich 

 in Cinchonin and Quinidin, contains however also Quinin. 



Cinchona nitida, Ruiz and Pavon. 



Andes of Peru and and Ecuador. This tree rises to 80 feet 

 under favorable circumstances. It also yields G-rey Bark 

 and Huanuco Bark, besides Loxa Bark. It will probably 

 prove one of the hardiest species. It contains predominantly 

 Cinchonin and Quinidin. 



Cinchona officinalis, L. (partly.)* 



(Cincliona Gondaminea, Humboldt) 

 Andes of New Grenada and Peru, at a height of 6000 to 

 10,000 feet. Yields Crown or Brown Peru Bark, besides 

 part of Loxa Bark. Comparatively rich in Quinin and 



