368 



as much as 30 per cent., and extensively used for the pro- 

 duction of a superior Corduan- or Maraquin-leather. The 

 cultivation presents no difficulty. Sumach can also be used 

 for ink and various particularly black dyes. Under favor- 

 able circumstances as much as a ton of Sumach is obtained 

 from an acre. 



Rhus Cotinus, L 



The Scotino. Countries at the Mediterranean Sea. The 

 wood of this bush furnishes a yellow pigment. The Sotino, 

 so valuable as a material for yellow and black dye, and as a 

 superior tanning substance, consists of the grinded foliage 

 of this plant. 



Rhus glabra, L. 



North America, extending to 54° N.L. This Sumach shrub 

 will grow on rocky and sterile soil. It produces a kind of 

 gall, and can also be used as a good substitute for the 

 ordinary Sumach. This species can easily be multiplied 

 from suckers. It will live on poor soil. American sumachs 

 contain generally from 15 to 20 per cent. Tannin. 



Rhus lucida, L. 



South Africa. This shrub proved here of particular adapta- 

 bility for forming hedges. About half a hundred South 

 African species are known, of which probably some could be 

 utilized like ordinary Sumach, but hitherto we have remained 

 unacquainted with the nature and degree of any of their 

 tanning and coloring principles. 



Rhus semialata, Murray. 



China and Japan. This shrub produces a kind of nut- 

 galls. 



Rhus typhina, L. 



The Staghorn Sumach. North America, extending to 

 Canada. This species will grow to a tree of 30 feet high. 

 Its wood is of an orange tinge. Through incisions into the 

 bark a kind of Copal is obtained. The leaves can be used 

 like ordinary Sumach. This bush can be reared on inferior 

 land. 



