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plant, from which a distilled oil is rather copiously obtain- 

 able. One of our best plants for large garden edgings. 

 The oil enters into certain compositions of perfumery. 



Rubia cordifolia, D. (-K- Mungista, Roxb.) 



From the Indian Highlands through China and Siberia to 

 Japan ; also occurring in various parts of Africa, as far 

 south as CafFraria and Natal. This perennial plant produces 

 also a kind of Madder. Probably other species yield like- 

 wise Dye-roots. The genus is represented widely over the 

 globe, but as far as known not in Australia. 



Rubia tinctorum, L. 



The Madder. Countries around the Mediterranean Sea. 

 A perennial herb of extremely easy culture. The roots 

 merely dried and pounded form the dye. The chemical 

 contents are numerous ; in the herb : Eubichloric and 

 Bubitannic acid ; in the root : Alizarin, Purpurin, Rubiacin, 

 Rubian, Ruberythrin acid, and three distinct resins ; also 

 Chlorogenin, Xanthin and Rubichloric acid. On the five 

 first depend the pigments produced from the root. Madder 

 is one of the requisites for Alizarin Ink. 



Rubus Canadensis, L.* 



The Dewberry of North America. A shrub of trailing 

 habit. Pruit black, of excellent taste, ripening earlier than 

 that of R. villosus, Ait., which constitutes the High Black- 

 berry of the United States, with large fruits. 



Rubus Chamsemorus, L. 



The Cloud-Berry. North Europe, North Asia, North 

 America, particularly in the frigid zone. A perennial but 

 herbaceous plant ; a pigmy amongst its congeners. Never- 

 theless it is recommended for introduction to our spongy 

 mossy alpine moors, on account of its grateful amber-colored 

 or red fruit. All the species can readily be raised from 

 seeds. JR. Arcticus, L., also with edible fruit, is in the high 

 north usually its companion. Near to us we have a similar 

 little herb, living for a great part of the year in snow, namely 

 Rubus Gwnnianus, Hook. It occurs on the alpine heights 

 of Tasmania, from whence it might be easily transferred to 



