36 



Pinua Abies var. Nordmanniana, Parlatore. (P. Nordmanniana, 

 Steven.) 



Crimea and Circassia, GOOO feet above the sea. This is one of the most 

 imposing firs, attaining a height of 100 feet, with a perfectly straight 

 stem. It furnishes a valuable building timber. 

 The Silver Fir is desirable for our mountain forests. 



Pinus alba, Ait. 



White Spruce. From Canada to Carolina, up to the highest mountains* 

 It resembles P. Picea, but is smaller, at most 50 feet high. Eligible for 

 our alpine country. 



Pinus Alcocquiana, Parlatore. 



Japan, at an elevation of 6 to 7000 feet. A fine tree, with very small 

 blue-green leaves ; the wood is used for light household furniture. 



Pinus amabilis, Dougl. 



Californian Silver Fir. North California, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 

 A handsome fir, 200 feet high, circumference of stem 24 feet; the stem 

 is naked up to 100 feet. 



Pinus Australia, Michx* 



Southern or Swamp Pine, also called Georgia, Yellow Pitch or Broom 

 Pine. In the Southern States of N. America The tree attains a 

 height of 70 feet. It furnishes a good timber for furniture and building. 

 It is this tree, which forms chiefly the extensive pine barrens of the 

 United States, and yields largely the American turpentine. 



Pinus Ayacahuite, Ehrenb. (P. Loudoniana, Gord.) 



In Mexico, at an elevation of 8000 to 12,000 feet. An excellent pine, 

 100 to 150 feet high, with a stem diameter of 3 to 4 feet, yielding a 

 much esteemed white or sometimes reddish timber. 



Pinus balsamea, L. 



Balsam Fir, Balm of Gilead Fir. Canada, Nova Scotia, New England. 

 An elegant tree, 40 feet high, which with Pinus Fraseri yields the 

 Canada Balsam, the well-known oleo-resin. The timber is light, soft 

 and useful for furniture. It thrives best in cold swampy places. Eligi- 

 ble for our alps. 



Pinus Canadensis, L. 



Hemlock Spruce. In Canada and over a great part of the United 

 States, on high mountains. A very ornamental tree, 100 feet high, 

 with a white cross-grained and inferior wood. The tree, however, is 

 extremely valuable on account of its bark, which is much esteemed as 

 a tanning material ; it is stripped off during the summer months. The 

 young shoots are used for making spruce beer. 



Pinus Canariensis, C. Smith.* 



Canary Pine. Canary Islands, forming large forests at an elevation of 

 5 to 6000 feet. A tree 70 feet high, with a resinous durable very heavy 

 wood, not readily attacked by insects. It thrives well in Victoria, and 

 shows celerity of growth. 



Pinus Cedrus, L. 



Cedar of Lebanon. Together with the Atlas variety on the mountains 

 of Lebanon and Taurus, also in N. Africa. The tree grows to a 

 height of 100 feet, and attains a very great age ; the wood is of a light 

 reddish color, soft, easy to work, and much esteemed for its dura- 

 bility. 



