46 



Alnus glutinosa, Gaertn. 



The ordinary Alder. Throughout Europe and extra tropical Asia, 70 feet 

 high ; well adapted for river banks ; wood soft and light, turning red, 

 furnishing one of the best charcoals for gunpowder ; it is also durable 

 under water, and adapted for turners and joiner's work. A. incana 

 Willd. is an equally high and allied species. 



Amyris terebinthifolia, Tenore. 



Brazil. Is here perfectly hardy, and is content in dry ground without 

 any irrigation. It proved one of the best among the smaller avenue 

 trees, is beautifully spreading and umbrageous, and probably of 

 medicinal value. 



Angophora intermedia, Cand. 



South East Australia. This is the best of the Angophoras, attaining a 

 height of 50 feet, and growing with the rapidity of an Eucalyptus, but 

 being more close and shady in its foliage. It would be one of our best 

 trees to line public roads, and to effect shelter plantations. 



Baloghia lucida, Endl. (Codiceum lucidum, J. M.) 



East Australia. A middle sized tree. The sap from the vulnerated 

 trunk forms, without any admixture, a beautiful red indelible pigment. 



Betula alba, L » 



The ordinary Birch of Europe and extratropical Asia. It attains a 

 height of 80 feet, and would here thrive best in moist glens of the 

 ranges, or in the higher regions of our mountains, where it would 

 form up at the Alpine Zone excellent shelter plantations. The durable 

 bark serves for roofing. Wood white, turning red. The oil of the 

 bark is used in preparing the Russian leather. 



Betula nigra, L. 



The Black or Biver Birch of North America. One of the tallest of 

 Birches. If grown on the banks of a limpid stream, it will bear intense 

 heat. The wood is compact, of a light colour. 



Betula papyracea, Ait. 



The Paper Birch of North America. A larger tree than B. alba, with 

 a fine-grained wood and a tough bark ; much used for portable canoes. 

 It likes a cold situation, 



Betula lenta, Willd. 



The Cherry Birch of North America. A tree of middle size, liking 

 moist ground. Bark aromatic. Wood rose-coloured or dark, fine- 

 grained, excellent for furniture. Several Birches occur in Japan, which 

 might well be tried here. 



Carpinus Betulus, L. 



The Hornbeam. A tree of 80 feet high. Middle and South Europe. 

 Wood pale, of a horny toughness and hardness, close-grained, but not 

 elastic. This tree would serve to arrest the progress of bushfires, if 

 planted in copses or hedges like willows and poplars around forest 

 plantations. A smaller species, Carpinus Americana, Mich., yields the 

 Ironwood of North America. Four species occur in Japan ( C. cordata, 

 C. erosa, C. laxiflora, C.japonica (Blume). Carpinus viminea (Wallich) 

 is a species with durable wood from the middle regions of Nepal. 



Carya alba, Nuttall.* 



The Shellbark-Hickory. A deciduous tree, 90 feet high, which delights 

 in rich forest soil ; a native of North America, Wood strong, elastic, 

 and tenacious, but not very durable. Yields the main supply of 

 Hickory nuts. All the hickories are extensively used in North America 

 for hoops. 



