98 



Dr. G. Gore on the Relation of Volta 



plane upon a transverse horizontal axis at its centre, the ends 

 of the tube being formed of two similar plates of electrolytic 

 copper connected with a galvanometer ; and 2nd, by simul- 

 taneously raising and lowering two similar disks of copper in 

 a tall column of such solution, the disks being attached to the 

 galvanometer and suspended from the two ends of a cord 

 passed over a pulley. These attempts, however, were not 

 successful owing to disturbing influences at the surfaces of 

 the plates, and to the employment of an insufficiently sensitive 

 galvanometer. Recently I have renewed the experiments in a 

 somewhat different form, and have succeeded in obtaining de- 

 finite though small effects ; only minute ones were anticipated. 



The arrangement usually employed was as Fig. 1. 

 follows: — A single glass tube (or several), about 

 3 metres long and 1 centim. bore, securely 

 fixed upon a board, was fitted with corks and 

 two wire electrodes of the same kind of metal 

 at its two ends, and filled within '5 centim. with 

 an electrolyte (see fig. 1) . It was then placed 

 horizontal, so that the bubble of air receded 

 into the branch of the tube ; the two elec- 

 trodes were then connected with a Thomson's 

 reflectinD-oralvanometer of 3040 ohms resist- 

 ance, and the tube allowed to remain undis- 

 turbed until all sign of current or of variation 

 of current ceased. It was then placed vertical, 

 and as soon as a steady permanent deflexion 

 occurred its direction and amount was noted ; 

 the tube was then placed either horizontal until 

 all current ceased, or at once placed vertical 

 with its ends reversed, and the amount of 

 maximum steady deflexion again recorded. 



In many cases five such tubes were fixed 

 upon the board and connected in series, the 

 upper electrode of one to the lower of the 

 next one, in order to multiply the effect, and as 

 many of them charged with an electrolyte and 

 connected with the galvanometer as was desired. 



The electrodes were fixed in the corks by 

 means of melted shellac, and the corks were 

 saturated with melted paraffin. By employing 

 suitable metals and electrolytes, making each 

 pair of electrodes of metal cut from imme- 

 diately contiguous parts of the same piece, and 

 including in each instance a wire coil of 50,000 

 ohms resistance in the circuit, the fluctuations ^ 





