276 



Mr. William Sutherland on the 

 Table XXX.— Wl for the Alcohols. 





Method 



Second. 



Third. 



Fourth. 



Fifth. 



Methyl 



8 

 14 

 24 

 24 

 34 

 47 



22 (11) 

 38(19) 



82(41) 



326 (163) 



11 (5-5) 



17 (9) 



25 (17) 

 34 (26) 

 33 (25) 

 46 (38) 

 57 (49) 



9 



94 

 176 



27-8 

 27-6 

 37-8 

 481 



6 



Ethyl 



Propyl r 







Isoamyl 



Cetyl 



Water 





The second and fifth methods give results in substantial 

 agreement with one another; the third gives numbers which, 

 when halved as in the brackets, come into agreement with 

 the others; while if 8 be subtracted from the numbers furnished 

 by the fourth method as in the brackets, the resulting num- 

 bers are in very close agreement with those given by the 

 fifth method. That the two discrepant columns should be 

 capable of harmonization with the two others by the simple 

 operations of halving and of subtracting a constant is signi- 

 ficant of some really simple principle on which the abnor- 

 mality of the alcohols in the supracritical region depends. 



But too much importance must not be attached to the 

 general agreement among the numbers, as they are all founded 

 on tentative assumptions ; they simply prove that our idea of 

 a second loose pairing of molecular pairs in the liquid alcohols 

 is not discordant with facts. 



The following are the dynic equivalents corresponding to 

 the values of M 2 / found by the fifth method compared with 

 those calculated from the dynic equivalents of the elements 

 and placed in the third row. 



Alcohols Methyl. 



Dynic equiv. found 1*35 

 „ „ calcul. 1*8 



For water the dynic equivalent found is *91, while 1*03 is 

 the calculated value. The values found for the alcohols are 

 about *5 smaller than those calculated. If from the capilla- 

 rity data we had calculated the values of M 2 / and the dynic 

 equivalent as if the alcohols were not exceptional in any way, 

 we should have got: — 



Alcohols Methyl. Ethyl. Propyl. Butyl. Amyl. 



M 2 / 11-8 22-2 35 47-6 60-6 



Dynic equivalent 1*65 2'S 3*9 5'1 6*1 



Ethyl. 



Propyl. Butyl(iso). 



Amyl(iso). 



2-35 



3-4 4-3 



5-1 



2-8 



3-8 4-7 



5-7 



