28 



Mr. R. M. Deeley on the 



therefore, parts with more heat than it receives as it rises. 

 On this assumption Gold found that the thickness of the 

 troposphere is sufficiently great to enable it as it rises to get 

 rid of this heat by radiation by the time the lower level 

 of the stratosphere is reached. This theory favours the 

 assumption that the low stratosphere in cold regions is 

 partly due to the cold ground and sea below. 



Hitherto no soundings have been made which reveal the 

 temperature of the stratosphere except in its lower portions; 

 nor have many soundings been made which show how its 

 temperature varies with latitude. Such records as we have 

 make it clear that the troposphere is thicker in low latitudes 

 than it is in high ones, and that the stratosphere is cooler in 

 low latitudes than it is in high ones. Thus, although we have 

 temperature gradients in the troposphere which favour winds 

 blowing towards ths equator, we have temperature gradients 

 in the stratosphere which also favour icinds towards the 

 equator. This is an unexpected circumstance; and if the 

 stratosphere gradient were sufficiently strong to overpower 

 the troposphere gradient, the course taken by the winds of the 

 earth in middle latitudes would be explained. 



Fig. 10. 







Absolute Temperature "C. 





25 













/ 





/ 





























I 





/ 































A 





.IE 



1 





























A 













































































































i 





































i 





















| 



15 









\ 





i 





















i 









\ 



c \ 



l P 





















.c 

















y 



































\ 



k 





















1 



to 



















































"N. 













































































































v. 





















































5 























































V 





\ 



^ 



































N 







































\ 



































\ r 





\ 









180° 



200° ?2Zf 240° 260° 280° 300° 



In fig. 10 the curve A shows the temperature gradient to 

 a height of 26 kilometres at Batavia, a few degrees south of 

 ihe equator, where the seasons do not vary much in tern- 



