﻿Pleistocene Deposits at Twickenham. 423 



April 25th.— Dr. Henry Woodward, F.R.S., 

 President, in the Chair. 



The following communications were read : — 



1. 'Further Notes on some Sections on the New Kail way from 

 Romford to Upminster, and on the Relations of the Thames Valley 

 Beds to the Boulder Clay.' By T. V. Holmes, Esq., F.G.S. 



The author alludes to his discovery of Boulder Clay on this new 

 railway at Hornchurch (dealt with in a previous paper, Q. J. G. S. 

 Aug. 1892), and describes the finding of more Boulder Clay close to 

 Romford during the deepening and widening of a cutting there. 

 The Boulder Clay was on precisely the same level as that at Horn- 

 church, a mile and a half to the south-east, and, like it, was covered 

 by gravel belonging to the highest, and presumably oldest, terrace 

 of the Thames Valley system. A portion of the silted-up channel 

 of an ancient stream-course was also found in this Romford cutting. 

 Its relations to the Boulder Clay could not be seen, as they were 

 not in contact, but they were alike covered by the oldest gravel 

 belonging to the Thames Valley system. The author discusses the 

 probable direction of the flow of this stream-course, and the way in 

 which it was superseded by the ancient Thames. After noticing 

 certain points brought forward during the discussion on his former 

 paper, he concludes with a criticism on the views to which Dr. 

 Hicks inclines in his paper on the Sections in and near Endsleigh 

 Street (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xlviii. 1892) as regards the age 

 of those beds, asserting that they are, in all probability, simply River 

 Drift of the Thames Valley system, and consequently post-Glacial, 

 in the sense of being later in date than the Boulder Clay of Essex 

 and Middlesex. 



2. ' On the Geology of the Pleistocene Deposits in the Valley of 

 the Thames at Twickenham, with Contributions to the Flora and 

 Fauna of the Period.' By J. R. Leeson, M.D., F.L.S., F.G.S., and 

 G. B. Laffan, Esq., B.Sc, F.G.S. 



The section described in this paper was exposed during the con- 

 struction of an effluent from the Twickenham sewage-works to the 

 Thames. Its length was about one mile. 



The beds exposed were : — (1) Coarse reddish-yellow gravels, 

 coloured blue below, lying on an eroded surface of (2) Dark blue 

 loam, varying in thickness, the greatest thickness seen being 3 feet, 

 at a place where the bottom was not reached ; (3) Dark sand ; 

 (4) Coarse ballast-gravel ; (5) London Clay. 



. The loam (which is quite a local deposit) yielded 8 species 

 of mollusca and 14 species of plants, all still living in the neigh- 

 bourhood. A number of mammalian bones referable to 7 species 

 were lying just on the surface of the loam. Amongst the forms 

 were bison and reindeer. 



The authors consider that the loam was deposited in a small lake, 

 and they allude to similarities between it and a deposit described 

 by Dr. Hicks as occurring in the Endsleigh Street excavations. 



3. 'On a new Goniatite from the Lower Coal Measures.' By 

 Herbert Bolton, Esq., F.R.S.E. 



