DEGLUTITION. 
rangement on the alveolar and palatine portions of the bone. 
ing a refifting furface capable of 
e efforts required in ce fpecies of mattication which is 
hee exercifed. This is pierced by the teeth when they 
appear in the mouth and its fides, adhering round the neck 
of the tooth. ronflitute the gu the teet d al- 
veoli are loft; the perforations of the are deftroyed by 
the clofing of their fides, anda fimilar a white fubftance to 
that ofthe foetus again occupics the alveolar edges of the jaws, 
and affords confiderable affiltance in old age in the act o 
mattication. 
The membrane eOvEring, the palate is thick, and clofe in 
its texture. It is divided by a middle line into two halves, 
more perceptibiy in the | cetus paces in the adult. Jts fur- 
eae is irregular, and marked towards the front by tranf{verle 
: between it tt a bon one are feverz] muco ands, 
iG land rua ) with excretory cuéts, opening con{picu- 
e furface, which become more numerous to- 
one the irae palati, with = ees furface of which 
the ¢ palatine mem alee is contin 
i the moot is formed ps a eal 
at the back of the pala- 
arynx, | called the nes or velum 
aloti. Thos i it is placed above the opening, which leads 
from the mouth into the pharynx, and is dae by that 
aperture from the bafe of the tongue. 8 re is nearly 
quadrangular ; and it pofleffes two furfaces, of lich one 18 
anterior, an the other polterior ; ; and four — a 
ateral, one fuperi the other i 
i 
rr 
faces downwards and forwards, is {mooth and uniform, and 
gently eae — feveral {mali openings of the mu- 
cous dutis; err, | which is a upwards and 
backwards, a fide, abi 
from the al of the levator pala mel, and a {maller 
middle from the azygus 
mar 
this ts the thickelt part of the velum. The inferior border 
hangs loofely into the pharynx, and is divided into two parts 
by a ara ceca ile aaa exaGily from the 
middle of the velum vula. ‘The broader 
part of this enya is ae peieeren ere is placed upwards ; 
the {malier portion 1s more c lindvical j in its figure, an 
dire€ted downwards, terminating in an 
It varies in length ia di i u 
perfon, ge to the ane elevator mufcle. a as 
times hangs foas to etengue ; and when it is 
thus ey relaxed, ; ie avery agra e ae 
tion. In its natural iene it points nearly to the for. 
cecum of the tongue, and is therefore confideraly in part 
of the slat hah is peculiar to the human fubje@, and 
to animals of the monkey kind ; in other inftances, the lower 
edge of the foft ae is nearly ftraight. The prefence of 
the _ caufes the correfponding part in man to form a 
double 
The teal edges of the foft palate are signin with 
the tongue and pharynx by two membranous and mufcular 
folds. ‘Thele are ya at their origin, ach ae place at 
the outer corner of the tower edge of the palates; but they 
{ep ach one as they defcend. The anterior 
(shpipaaine) terminates on the fide of the bafe of the 
or ff pharynge -palatine) is loft on the fide 
gular fpace, formed by their {epa- 
of ve oe oe oe 
ration, contains the to a 
‘The contracted opening, by which the mouth communi- 
cates -with the hen & ‘age ca ji : pao formed 
y oe vere ew defer w of it, 
arch of the palate with the uvula above. 
here formed by the pharyngo-palatine oa produced from 
the velum in a perperdicular direéton the fides of the 
oo The convexity of the toniil is cone cious alfo in 
this vi 
ee aft p alate ae two membranous farface s, of which 
the or is continuous with that of the 
ofterior with the ae membrane, Th 
nued into each other at the loofe edge of the curtain. 
palatine portion of the eeneings covers a thick layer of 
fail bodies, which pour copious mucous fecre- 
ton from numerous pores ealily dittingu: fhable by the naked 
o 
a “n ula ns a con afs of timilar 
lands. The mulcles of the esta contribute a‘fo to its fub- 
pence ine azygous le occ entre, and he 
ser cue of the velum. The folds a ee from the ate 
the Palate, Levator palati mollis (falpingo- 
ftaphylinus; periftaphylinus internus).—This mufcle con« 
fitts of a confiderable colleGtion of fibres ; it is in above, 
and canter peal and zeae at the fide of the potterior 
openin t Arifing from the under furface of the 
petrous portion a the temporal bone in front of the carotid 
canal, and from the cartilage of the Euftachian tube, it pafles 
ai downwards and inwards, and expa ands in the 
middle of the foft palate. The circumflexys palati and fu- 
perior sale of the pharynx cover it externally, and the 
membrane of the pharynx on the infide. I1t will draw the 
a palate nee ie and apply it againft the pofterior opén- 
ings of the nofe. 
Circumflexus palati oe oe ee perifta. 
phylinus externus).— mufcel ttened and elongated 
in its figure, and lee slong ~ aioe procefs of the 
phenoid bone. arifes the cartilage of the Eufta- 
chian tube, and from a fuperfcial fofla of the nteroal Lally 
goid plate, to which it is attached as far as the commenc 
ment of the hook-like procefs. It then forms an arcieoe ie, 
which turns round the hook, being furnifhed with a burfa 
mucofa; turns horizo ontally inwards, an i e 
sae of tb Laver cor with the _ of the oppofite 
i ted between the external pterygoid mufcle 
and ‘the i al peel plate, and eo conftri€tor of 
‘ie harynx 
Its aGion will be the fame as if it had arifen from the 
pterygoid hamulus. It will draw down the velum from the 
nofe, and will expand it laterally. 
_ Azygus crate Art -ftaphylinus; ftaphylinus ; Halle le 
mall mufcle, fom mien doctle, oF a 
ee 
on its pofterior furface ty the membrane of the ie and 
in 
