DEGLUTITION. 
le much injure digeftion; and hence old perfons 
digeft badly, Pai they cut their food minutely fo as 
to refemble the effeQ’ of chewin “T can eafily be- 
lieve,’’ fays a er phyfiologift, « ‘that a much fmaller 
quantity of food would afford a fufficient pa ee of 
nourifhment, if it were more completely chewed. 
Ha ler che, Ph ft HO. 
lands. — The procefs of maftication, rit were per- 
e food alone, would reduce it to adry, or at leaft 
very i oui mafs. that couid not be moved about in the 
mouth for the purpofe of complete trituration, without cloz- 
g the teeth very much, and adhering very unpleafantiy to 
ed Tarface of the parts; and that could not certainly be {wal- 
lowed without extreme difficulty. Thefe fources of incon- 
{mall in quantity. When we are eating 
mealy potatoes; they abforb the faliva very rapidly, end re- 
guire fo much dilution, that the fluid is rot {applied in fuf- 
fictent abundance: a difficulty 3 is then experienced in chew- 
ing 3; and the morfel, which has not been duly moiltencd, 
often ftops in the fauces, producing a a of fuffocation, 
and paffing down to the ftomach very wy. 
The p-oper falivary glands are-three in number; and they 
refemble e oS genera! ica although dif- 
fering in fituation, form, 
The falivary glands are Cmpieniesls that is, they are ex- 
a@ly al:ke on the right and left fides of the body. They 
are all fituated in the neighbourhood of very covets parts, 
cite a father feeretion.. 
om are 
creted anid is prepared in large quan- 
into ihe mouth at the particular period 
when its prefence in that cavity is efpecially neceflary. They 
receive their blood veffels in numerous ramifications, but thefe 
are generally produced from a large arterial trunk ; and 
feveral branches of nerves from ale brain are dittributed in 
them 
t lobes, covers the furface of the gland; 
3 is again inclofed in a diftinét and tolerably denfe 
capfule, conneGted by cellular texture of a loofe kind to the 
{urrounding parts. Each of the minute particles, of which 
the gland confifts, furnifhes an excretory tube; and thofe of 
the neighbouring lobuli unite together, forming larger. and 
larger trunks, which open ultimately into the mouth, and 
poffefs an — ane continuous with the mucous mem- 
brane of that c 
The Par aan. Gland. —This largeft - he alae | candy | 
— its name fro aoe fit adigous 
vin g the integumen 
e from t 
fide of the oes a large aa flattened ‘glandular calls of 
ao 
an 
irregularly oval figure, is difcovered lying between the maf- 
ufcle nine external ear before and paar and the 
In an inser diredtion, in fae decp hollow be: 
ind the ramus o r jaw is no dilftinétion 
between thefe two pa ae hough we Fite: them fepa- 
rate 
The external broad portion of the gland extends more or 
lefs towards the face. Its outer furfaceis flightly convex, and 
partly covered by the latiffimus colli, partly by the integu- 
ments. It covers a confiderable portion of the maffeter, from 
which it ts {eparated by the chief ramifications of the facial 
nerve : above it extends to the under edge of the zygoma, and 
lies on the joint cel bl ke in fome in ances; below it is 
not eal furthe jaw, and behind 
o les agal 
{mall appendix of the gland aaa accompanies ae dud 
jult where it emerges. The more internal portion of the. 
gland, which is buried behind the rav.us of the iG ower jaw, 
18 bounded above by the joint of the jaw ; in front by the 
inner furface of the ramus, and the edge of the oe 
internus ; behind by the meatus auditorius, mattoid procefs 
and fuperior extremity of the fterno-cleido- mnattoideus, inter= 
wards its potterior part; an e 
three branches by which minates; wiz. the fupe Siler. ; 
temporal, the tran{verfalis faciei, and the eal maxillar 
Hence thofe veffels feem to emerge from the gland. The 
facial nerve paffes alfo through the parotid, and divides in its 
trunks ee both kinds which tra- 
ite ae as given by Wharton, is 
our drams and a half, 
The Parotid or Stenonian Duét, coming out of the gland 
in the fituation area defcribed, paffes in an a di- 
rection upon the tendon of the maffeter, an $ inwards 
at the front edge of that mufcle. Penetrating Ge a of ied 
cheek it goes through a ecarart in the fibres of the bucci 
an y 
and fituated faperficially while it is crofling the aaen 
mu{cle it is furrounde 
ftance, and partly covered by gomaticus majo 
ats are ver k, and co.apofed of a white, denfe, and 
firm fubftance: the calibre of the veffel is of courfe {mali in 
After leaving the parotid gland, 
comparifon with its bul 
of that acceflory portion, 
it receives the excretory du& 
which is placed above it. 
Sub-maxillary Gland.—This is of a roundifh fhape, much 
{maller than the parotid, and w about four drams 
on etimes con 
that ie uati i | € 
terior and the gen 
eens ae ee | the bafis of the jaw, and peel 
y 
