DEG 
neck, to the column of vertebrae, where it is covered by the 
longus colli; in the back to the aa du& above, and 
to the whole of the defcending aort 
he internal jugular veins and ered arteries are on its 
lateral afpe&ts in the neck; the recurrent nerve is alfo near 
it on the left: in the upper part of the cheft, the arch of 
e aorta lies on its left, and lower down the two pleure 
cover its fides. At its very termination it is connected in 
its whole circumference to the card:ac orifice of the dia- 
he lower ale of its courfe, 
by the plexus formed by the nerves of the e 
his canal, in its em 
its anterior an 
cylindrica al, and may of three quarters of an 
inch, or more. It is ufuaily aie contraGted, where it 
palfes the diaphragm. It is, on the whole, the narrowelt 
portion of the alimentary canal. It extends in length from 
the fifth cervical to the ninth dorfal saan 
It is made up of two parts ent in their 
called fom 
eye tile that the 
act mufcular part of the 
It is made up of fibres ices two op- 
The external ftratum is hale el 
nie has a longitudinal direétion ; they radiate below 
e ftomach; the — are tranfverfe, and eferibe ae 
anes with the for 
The internal covering of the cefophagus —_— oiebied: 
wvafculofa, or nervea) is a white {mooth membrane, nued 
from the mucous lining of the pharynx. Its farface i is ip denfe 
and firm. It forms numerous longitudinal folds, and con- 
fequently aaa very ealily of are ion. It is conneéte 
by fuch a loofe si for ieauce -the mufcular covering, 
and poffeffes fo much lefs ela Ricity. that when the tube is 
cut tran{verfely, ‘the latter retra@ts, and leaves a portion of 
cC. 
og 
oO 
=i 
rx) 
efhy ; in 
1 openings are fee on its furfac 
are the orifices of mucous excretory duds, arifing on fmall 
glands fituated between the two pe nits of the cefophagus. 
Fess contains a large sts of veffels, and becomes ae 
rom minute injections. It is continuous soe with the 
“Vining of the ‘asa iat a below with that ange 
from which, however, it is ieee diltinpaithed by 
tind and abrupt line o n, which marks a com- 
his tube receives the food from the lower part of the 
pharynx, — urges it forwards into the ftomach by the fuc- 
ceffive action of its tranfverfe fibres: the longitudinal fibres 
feem to eee the effet of fhortening the tube, and dilating 
it is the reception of the food. "The d diaphragm prefies 
on it in its contraction, fo as to prevent the paffaye of food, 
and even fo as to impede the egrefs of air from the fto- 
mach. 
Decuiutition, Difficulty ef. — Aig a Sis 
DEGNECHAYM, or Denn Et ae a 
town of Holland in a ale ere on ie Dinckel; 
mil s N.W. of Bentheim 
DEGNEZO, a town of Tranfylvania; to miles N.W. 
of Biftricz. 
ee GNIZLU, or Denizstey, a i aloe = — es 
n the ae of apoE near the of the 
cient Laodie cea, deftr earth ae which fwal. 
lowed up many of the pit excellent grapes grow in 
3 
DEG 
the environs; to the eaft and fouth are mowstains iis 
with fnow ; 108 miles E.S.E. of Smyrna. N. lat. 37° 51’. 
. long. 29° 14 
GO, a ral town of France, in the department of 
the Tanaro, chief place of a canton, in the diftrittof Acqui, 
with a population of ru individuals, The canton con. 
tains 3 communes, and 661g inhabitants. 
Dego is fituated near the river Bermida, and is remark 
able for a victory gained in its neighbourhood over the 
Auftrians, by the French under Bonaparte, in 17 
AH, hometan kingdom of Angie, 
fituated immediately to the ealt of K or Gonjah, (the 
Conche of eta ae one to the Gold coat. 
capital is Degomba, N. lat. 12° 50’. . lon 
This country ie on the W. Gonjah, to the N. Kaffaba, 
to the E. Kambah, and to the S. between it and the Gol 
rae _Tonouw ah. It abounds with gold, with which it 
ezzan 3 and its inhabitants are 
the bordering nation 
them to invade. . 176. 
DEGRADATION, in Geology, is a term which Mr. 
Kirwan has ufed (Geol. Eff. 437.) for the lowering or dif- 
integration of mountains, in fome theories which endeavour 
to account for the formation of what are fe en or 
fecondary ftrata. See Seconpary and Fi 
DEGRADATION, in our’ Law-Books, called cigitacen: 
and depofition, the aét of depriving, or ftripping a perfon- 
for ever of a dignity, or degree of honour; and taking away 
the titie, badge, and privileges thereof. 
The degradations of a peer, a prieft, a knight, a gentle- 
religion or avarice prompt 
very curious. It was 
of Francis I. ae pee Fangel, who = in a cowardly 
mauner given up Fontarabia, whereof he overfor. 
n this occafion, twenty or thirty euolicn: without ble» 
ry 
° 
= 
o. 
ic) 
.§ 
ia) 
ie 
a 
is 
“ 
a 
@ 
2 
vy 
m 
at arms. 
ard 
fang the Gale of t ar fe of each pfalm 
they madea paule, curing which che ten of arms hepeed 
the poo leanes of fome piece of his armour, beginning with 
the helmet, and pieeae thus, till he was quite difarmed ; 
_which done. ae ak ce his fhield in three pieces with a 
hammer. Then ing at arms emptied a bafon of hot 
water on the peers head ; and the judges, part ing on 
This done, the de- 
pan habits, went to the church. 
graded was drawn from off the fcaffold, with a aes tied 
under his arm-pits, laid on a bier, and covered with morcu= 
ary cloths; the prieft finging fome of the prayers for the 
dead, and then he was delivered to the civil judge, and the 
a oe 
For ate inftance: fir Andrew pat a earl 
of “Carlifle, ae aids and convicted of treafon, 18 
dw. II. coram rege $ ae oqieenent was cen atee. 
him, his {word was broken over his pee and his fi urs 
TS, ] 
and pre- eminences, and prohibited to bear, or 9 the ti 
