DELUGE, 
the poffibility and reality of the deluge, ata in his en- 
eavours to trace its o origin, progreis, an ill ares 
confequences 1at it originated in and proceeded fro 
the great fouthern ocean below the equator, and thence 
are as follow: 1. The fouthern oceam is the greateft collec- 
tion of waters on the ie of the globe. 2. In the northern 
latitudes beyond 45° find the animal fpoils of 
the fouthern countries, and them 
eas 3 in the fouthern latitudes we no remains of 
animals, vegetables, or fhells belonging ot he northern feas, 
but thofe only that belong-to the neighbouring feas. 3, The 
traces of a violent fhock or impreflion from the fouth are as 
ry 
-yet perceptible in many countries. 4. fhape of 
the continents, which are all fharpened towards the fouth, 
where they are wafhed by the Southern ocean, indicate that 
-fo forcible an impreffion was made wpon them as nothing 
but the mountains could refift; fuch are the Cape of ae 
Hope, Cape Comorin, the fout hern extremity of 
Holland, od that of Patagonia. To the fe geological 
proofs, Mr. Kirwan adds the tradition of the vrihudox 
‘Hindoos, that the globe was divided into two hemifpheres, 
and that the fouthern was the habitation of dzmons, hs 
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fouthern ocean, otherwife he could not fee that the pee 
-aby{s was opened ? And did not an inundation. from the 
fouth-ealt drive the ark north-weft to the mountains of Ar- 
menia? Thefe conje€tures are at leaft confiftent with the 
tT 
Ganges (as Jofephus cael saute) tk mpoo- 
ter, and the Indus, from which, as the: ee apemtie grew 
_colder, mankind defcended to the elas of India 
“his unparalleled revolution, as Mofes infonas us, was 
introduced by a: meas ‘rain of 40 ch 
aie toa Contteaule depth, and the effets - which 
‘were ‘in many inftances deftructive. This loofen 
‘opening of the earth occurred in many 
-marine inundation ftagnated ; and thus fheils and other ma- 
exuvie were introduced into the foil, which rendered it 
=: i ain alfo diluted ee falt-water, and 
ferved . preven its a effects bot i 
the frefh-water fifh. The deftru@ion of cane area 
‘to the fame purpofe, and eta in many in necef- 
fary to fertilize a foil produced by the Becouiosiiiaa of pri- 
mary mountains: from the a thus deftroyed the phof- 
phoric acid found in many ores may have originated. But 
the completion of this cataftrophe was undoubtedly effected, 
M by the invafion of the waters of the great 
as our author 
| 
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“3 
urfe on the eaftern part © 
northwards with refiftlefs 
fea which at that time pro- 
-bably united Afia and jee erica. This a 3 to have been 
: Strahan and Prefton, 
‘New-Street Square, London?: 
tains of China and Tartary, and thofe on the oppofite Ame« 
rican coaft; here it began to dilate itfelf over the collateral 
countries ; ‘the iialy checked by the Tartarian mountains 
forming, by {weeping away the foil, the defert of Coby, 
while a caterer or middle _ 
pole; but the interior furge bei 
the contiguous, numerous, and ented mountains of eatt- 
ern Siberia and America, mult at laft have arifen to a height 
and preffure which overbore all refitance, dafhing to pieces 
the heads of thefe mountains, as Patrin and Steller remark, 
and bearing over them the fie bag and animal {poils of the 
more fouthern ravaged or torn-up continents, to the far-ex- 
tended and inclined plains oF weftern Siberia, where . ie 
expanfion allowed it : depofite them. Hence t 
8 of elephants, = rhinoceri found i in 
the plains, or inconfderble fandy or marly eminences ia 
the north-w s of Siberia, as "Mr. Pallas rightly 
judges. If n now we on to the fouth, and contemplate 
the effects of this overwhelming invafiom on the more fouth- 
ern regions of India and Arabia, we fhall, where the coafts 
were undefen a ae! ad oe it excavating the 
nd | he vaft hav Ben. 
cae That the fouthern 
ae promontories, and headlands were extenuated to their 
prefent fhape by the deluge, and not by tides or the cur. 
ian ftill obferved in thofe feas, may be inferred from-the 
earl of thofe aioe powers to produce any change in 
them for many paft centuries 
e chief force Ge inundation; continues our author, 
feems a have been directed northwards in the meridian of 
from 110 to 200 FE. of London. In the more weftern 
tracts it appears “ have been weaker. The plains of India 
are fufpected to have been lefs sable or perhaps their fuh. 
fequent Aap! may have been occafioned by their nz.:nerous 
rivers. As to thofe of Arabia, their folid bafis, sae 
inundation was Aig Se to yield its loofer fu rfac €, an 
mains even andy defert, while the interi 
une cae eee peel eenay and thus collectin » the 
wafhed-off foil, are to sige day celebrated for their fertility, 
as Niebuhr teftifies a fimilar tranfportation of the an- 
the barrennefs of moft o 
ut veer of 
fome time ftationary, on account of its confine 
the erie élevation on the fouth, and tthe Ouralian 
mountains o 
ferved on the northern parts of the former, and the abrupt 
eda en on ihe ealtern _ of the latter, while the wett- 
ern difcover none. T- s of waters colle&ed and rea 
over the ‘arele regions cae have defcended partly fouth- 
wards over the deferts of Tartary, on countries with which 
o be able to trace ita 
their ori- 
Cc 
mergec), and of Africa, 
conveying to Spain, Italy, and Fades and a ie 
