DENMARK. 
iflands of St. Thomas, ae Croix, and St. John, in the Welt 
Indi-s, which at this time, 1808, however, are in the pof- 
{effion of the Enghih. "And, 8. The eftablifhment of 'T'ran- 
quebar, on the coaft na Coromance! in the Eat Indies, 
Sick has fhared the fam 
. Denmark Proper is Genaned Teen 54° 20’, and 58° 46" 
alee latitude - 8° 30’, and 12° 40’ ez ion 
tof the Scandinavia of the ancients which tk ey 
called Cherfoncfus ee ricas Its name feems to erive 
from the ancient Teutonic words dane or thane, a a or 
lord, and mark, a boundary or frontier coun corres 
{ponding infome degree with the German mar San. 
a frontier country, confided to the aril of an earl. 
Saxo — mat'cus, however, is of opinion that Den. 
s the countr Dan a6 is fuppofed to 
-s before the Chrittia an era, and to 
1e throne by his courage and 
s uncertain whether si fuch king € 
exifted, unlefs it be Dan M:killati, or the Hau 
by the hiftorians of Iceland as having 
Chritt 146. Others pretend that the river Eyder, which fe- 
abla Denmark from Germany, was anciently called Don, 
ana, or Dena, and that all - nat now called Jutland 
was from that river name enmark, which pie 
lation was alfo applied to the Conqncel iflands, he 
of Denmark may perhaps be traced in the old Britifh cor 
Dan, a ttrong fortification. 
Nearly at the time when Rome pafled under the 
rop me of ie ec elye 
en invaded by a fierce alae Nie ey from 
f Boryfthenes and the Tan The dopte 
the language, religion, and manners of their conquerors. 
With them they formed a ‘nation that ated a conf{picuous 
part in the revolution ere altered the political exiftence 
of Europe after the fall of the Roman empire. Three dif- 
i ife by de wees, Denmark, Sweden, on aoe 
t of their limite ¢ created fi 
and ey contentions, At the death of Rolf Kr ae a 
is f{uppofed to have reigned in the fixth century, feveral tri- 
batary chiefs fhared Denmark among themfelves and formed 
{mall independent kingdoms; but new diffenfions arofe, and 
en, and 
orway united under on » formed a: powerf 
narchy panes the defcendants of the firft kings o De nma 
The ancient annals of the north extol the exploits of eee 
Lodbroek, ay laft of thofe powerful princes. In his attempt 
to invade England he was made a prifoner and put to death, 
His fons div oa his extenfive dominions os themfelves, 
Denmark againa ne ged eae ate 
Powerful rivals, however, ftarted up in Ge provinces ; 
it was but in the tenth century that they were fubdued 
Schonen, Halland, and Blekingen, three Swedith provinces 
fituated on the other fide of the Sound, were ceded b 
and aoe other places in Pomerania. In 1165 he is faid 
o have laid the foundations of Dantzic. In 1169 he fub- 
dued Courladd, and eafily maintained his authority in his 
pew poffeflions, the emperor Frederick Barbaroffa being fa- 
vourable to his fchemes of aggrandizement. He died in 
t1S0. In the haa I 1195 his pe Canute caufed a mutter to 
be made of a nat ear arms in dominio 
and ordered e - fist: 
ping, when the whole cage! force of Denmark 
confilt of 670 fhips. Affifted by his brother, and by Abfalom 
bifhop of Rofchild, he made the conqueft of part of Holttein - 
and of the cities of Hamburgh and Lubeck. Bath the duke 
of Pomerania and the prince of Mecklenburg oS d 
themfelves his vaffals. e died in 1202, and le e throne 
to. ve brother Waldemar IL. 5 ano lefs ambitious ae warlike 
ae ae ileal from the emperor of Germany the 
fanétion of his the countries conquered from the 
empire during coe two eked ag reigns, Waldemar IT. fet 
fail for ERbonia to convert the idolatrous ee of that 
coaft of the Baltic to Chrifianity. mayed at the 
unufual fight of numerous hordes of favages, clothed in fkins, 
ready to oppofe them, his troops were going t ; ny 
encouraged by the bifhops who attended the king, ae 
rufhed on the enemy. r t of a banner having been 
fent from heaven rallied the fugitives, and led 
vidory. This banter, which was religioufly kept as a pre- 
cious relic, under the name of Danebrog, became the or'flame 
or facred ftandard of Denmark. The vanquifhed Efthonians 
the God of the Chriftians, and fubmitted to 
r, whofe powerful {way was extended to both the 
(eitiean oa eaftern coafts of the Baltic. 
From an account copied by Pontanus from Wilfeld, who 
efferts that he had it from a regtfter kept by Waldemar’s 
fteward, it appears that the tribut«ry provinces fent in daily 
24 lafts of oats, 24 lalts of rye, half that crates of wheat, 
33 talents of butter and cheefe, and nine o ney, 24 oxen, 
eep, 200 hogs, and 600 marks of coed money, be- 
te fines, forfeitures, taxes on ce fuits and pleadings, and 
other a amounting in all to upwards of 100,000 
marks With this almoft incredible revenue, 1460 
ee sid {mall ae of war were ke onftant fervice for 
the ufe of the cro Hac foldiers 
Schwerin, a prince o! Mecklenburg, furprifed and carried him 
off whiltt he was engaged ina chace. ‘The conquered coune 
trics immediately proclaimed their unl anlage Waldemar 
was kept a clofe prifoner for : ree ps at the end of which 
miliating ‘conditions, 
hich ie ound himfclf by a fol 
uefts 
ete the ifland of Rugen, which a hundred years later paffed 
under the dominion of tne dukes of Pomerania. -E:thonia 
was fold in the year 1346 tothe ees of the Teutonicorder, 
who at that time were hg of 
e 
crown to,his eldeft fon Eric, and the duchy of Slefwick to 
his fecond fon Abel. In the year 1250, Eric intel 
