; ee 
y 
_ var on and extenfive. 
Lancabhire, in that of c 
DERBYSHIRE. 
growth. A loamy foil is chofen for its cultivation, and, 
after the ground is well prepared by thorouzh cleanings, 
about the end of March, the roots of an old p antation are 
taken up, and divided into {mall flips, which are planted in 
out the fame 
and. 
lowa, wihocdt their 
efss t 
ceffiors of flowers appear; bet this depends very much on 
the feafon, dry open weather furnifhing more {uccefflions than 
wet or dull weather. When the flowers are gathered, they 
are carefully dried, cither in kilns very moderately heated, 
or on the floors of boarded rooms, heated : the 
The ode ie and three years, of w 
a the {m neve produce; an the feco 
eft. Whe 2 
ae become 
When dried, ae icee are packed i in ba 
fold to perfons i in the neighb 
the druggifts in London. 
For the botanical charaéter and medicinal properties of 
chamomile, fee ANTHEMIS. 
he inclofures of Derbyshire are very numerous, and are 
raat | extending. Within the laft twenty or twenty- 
e years, more than one-fourth of the county has been in- 
ee and the rent in many inftances nearly doubled. 
fouthers part, and the wapentake, are almott wholly i in this 
ftate; butt e grounds in the Hi 
$3. and aherwards 
ourhood, who tranfmit them to 
bly wel 
he Ueda a Kidlefton park are un- 
ge by any in: fee 
manufaGures which are carried on in Derbyfhire are 
. With Nottinghambhire and ,Leicefter- 
fhire, it pantakes in the manufa€ture of ftockings; with 
orkfhire, in that of i poe of woollen-cloth ; and with 
To thefe may be added the 
ria pail se es and ‘of Debye ie i pets of 
the hat eas are at Cromford, Belpar, and Derby : 
-in the former the cotton is prepared by the machine invent- 
.ed by the late fir Richard Arkwright; from annie to 
yed in 
‘their produce wag locate of. greater. one than at eer dies 
as the veins become.; Poarer, the a the .mines are exca- 
O . gave 
7 a Alport, and called the Hilcar fough. 
Camden imagined that Derbythire was alluded to 
n Britain lead is found near the 
vated, 
orks Hs - county, as feveral pigs of lead have been 
found w oe iafrisions The firft of thefe was dif- 
cov 6 mford Moor, in the year 1777, on which the 
followir aR "entene was legible: IMP. CAES. HADRIAN Ie 
AVG. ME That the lead mines of Derbythire were 
known to the ‘Saxons, j is apparent t from the mine near Caftle- 
ton, called Odin, from the name of ove of their deities: the 
fame circumftance maples cenit as opened previous to 
the introduction of Chrittianity ne Britain. 
alfo, that there were lead mines in the 
Wirkfworth, in the year 835; for at that period 
wara, abbefa of Repton, granted her eftate at Wircefwo rth 
to Humbert the alderman, on condition that he annually 
of the value of 300 thillings to archbifhop 
Ceolnoth, for the ufe of Chrift-Church, Canterbury. At the 
time of the Norman furvey, the- bufinefs of the lead mines 
was ended carried on to a confiderable extent, as no 
lefs than feven mines in this county are mentioned in the 
-Domefday boo 
Veins of lead ofe are diting uifhed on account of their va- 
rious pofitions in the earth, 
works. Pipe-works lie between two 
yet feldom follow any regular inclination, but fil 
the lines or branches running parallel t 
more or lefs horizontally. 
ake, or perpendicular veins, are 
found in the clefta oe saat oie of the lime-ftone; and confe- 
quently, inftead of extending uniformly between the fame 
ftrata, they follow ne diredlign ns of the cavities, and fome- 
times penetrate 150 or ards into the earth. The flat- 
works bear a great refemblance to the pipe; yet difagree i in 
fome circumftance incipal leader or ftem in the 
ranches, but the flat has 
xtends more 
the fold rock. The miners are divided in opinion whether 
the pipe or rake veins are moft prevalent. 
The greatett impediments to working the mines are foul 
air, and water. ‘To relieve them from the firft, a pipe or 
tube is generally introduced down the fhaft, and extended 
e.a gar the ag of oi eek to eed where the — is 
ried on. 
e. 
c e water many adits, or, as t 
are pire ae s isaels, have — ees on the bottom of 
fome neighbouring valley, a to communicate with 
ed works by different chennels or galleries. eo a 
n Derbyfhire is at Youlgrave, running from the Der-. 
ic. his coft 
upwards of geen It relieves a confiderable number of 
mines, and is nearly four miles in length. Another, and 
one of the moft cnfterbl at Wirkfworth, is called Crom- 
This pide miles in length, and was 
aon the Derbythire mines. 
y aieereained, but m 
00. and 60 
employed, to relieve the mines from. watery. byt the nates of of 
