DER 
new levels, ard the ereGtion of fome improved fire-engines, 
advantages have been obtained, _ to a certain extent, 
counterbalance the augmented Da ay 
dron-itone, or oxyd of iron, 13 found in this s county in 
great abundance; it occurs throughout the whole diitrié& in 
working iron mines, than 
18, therefore, not judged 21 atone to 
’ dig for iron ore, onlet the beds are very rich. Their thick- 
neis varies from two to twelve Re. The qoadcey ‘of i iron 
annually produced in this county amounts to between fif- 
teen and rea thoufand tons. See Tron. 
The places at which calamine is obtained, are 
3 
minerals are mixed, or ru 
confiderable way by the fide of each other; but more ps. 
quently, one ceafes where the other begins, and a good vein 
f is vever found in the fame place. The quantity 
ally in thi : I 
at nin 
By the various proceffes it undergoes before it Haan fale- 
able, it lofes about eight parts in twenty. 
oal was obtained in Derbyhire fo nay as the ae 
of Edward Ih, bot h in the Faia of Norton and Al. 
” freton. db grant made to the — 
y the tora of Alfreton, Thomas d 
Chaworth, who gave them licence to fupply (neues, on 
this fubftance in any quantity they thought proper, from 
either of the above places. It is found at different red pea 
and in fome fituations feveral beds are perforated by on 
fhaft ; but a ones are of inferior quality, and anes 
in Cumberland, the vein of coal is fre- 
0 
quently and. or broken, by fome intervening fubitance, | 
and the 
moftly clay ; 
coal on one fide is fometimes found 
lifted up or at down ten or twenty yards from its level, on 
the other. Befides the home confumption of coal, whic 
is very great, large quantities are annually (ak to Sheffield ; 
and by the different canals more is conveyed into Leicetter- 
ae ee Lincolnfhire, and Northamptonbhire. 
digi ire alfo abounds with metallic ores, fuffils, and 
various mineral fubftances ; de it would exceed our limits 
to ehicilaiee all. ‘Thof 0 with for fuch information 
are referred to Mawe’s Mineralogy a ae fhire, and the 
Beauties of England and Wales, v 
vol. 
he mineral and medicinal cient of Derbyfhire are, as 
might be expected in a country abounding with foffils, nu- 
mero All thofe of a chalybeate and fulphureous nature 
arife in beds of ale, and probably derive their impre 
ftrat lime-ftone almoft exclufively. T oft. cele- 
brated warm fprings are thofe at Matl Buxto 
they occur likewife at Stony Middleton; and Middleton, 
from fome lead mines vicinity. 
T foe a Matlock and Buxton have obtained much celebrity 
DER 
for fheir medicinal properties, and are annually sifted by 
a confiderable afflux’of company, who refort ¢ them a 
jaar as for h . The natural hiftory of the Mate 
loc Buxton waters occupied much of the attention of 
the oe Dr. Darwin, whofe death has deprived fociety of 
one of its moft valuable members, and {cience of one of her 
moit a fons. His prin cipal obfervations on this 
fubje& were contained in a letter wricten to the ev. Mr. 
Pilkington, and publified in the “ View of Derby fhire. 
Among the arguments which have been adduced refpediing 
the origin warm iprings, the doctor favours the fol- 
lowing: “ That the water of thefe fprings is raifed in 
in 
vapour by fubterraneous fires dee 
this $ vapour is yr eins onder the fariace of the mountains 
in the vicinity of fpr 
‘or 
pl) 
GA 
= 
ee 
o 
5 
ferent parts of the cae but 
very little examination 
e chalybeate waters are numerous, " ex “a cil 
rated {pring of this nature is at Quarndon, abou 
te fro é De rby. Perfons of 1 ei and relaxed habit 
have ey much benefited by its ule: taken in futhi- 
cient quantity, it generally operates as a cathartic; yet to 
produce this effect, exercife is fometimes neceffary. Its tem- 
perature is nearly forty-nine and an half. Within 200 
yards of the warm fprir Le t Fae ie oe is a sang Sioa 
water of properties aa imilar to that at 0 
few = iol nd at Morley, Chetterfield, Tib- 
and Br adley. 
In the liberty, of Heage, about midway between Crich 
and Belpar, is a martial vitriolic ipning, the only one ae 
has ‘yét been found in this county. is fituated 1 
black boggy aoe ae was accidentally difcovered ier 
thirty-ix years 
The chap rivers of this county are the Trent, 
Derwent, the Dove, the Wye, the Errewafh, and t 
Rother. 
Derby thire is fituated in the diocefe of Lichfield and 
View of Danyhic 2 vols. Svo. alo 
Dei z vols. 8vo. Beauties of Tastand and Wates, 
vol. ti 
Divevons Spar. See Fruor-Spar. 
DERCETO, or Arercartis, in Mythology,a Syrian god- 
defs, pee es many learned perfons, to be the fame with 
, Aart TARTE, and ATE s 
DERDER, in the AYateria Medica of the Ancients,a name 
ufed by Avicenna and Serapion, to exprefs the cammon elm, 
whofe bark they ufed on many occafions. 
ERE, RE, in Ancient Geography, a maritime 
town of Ethiopia, fituated on a promontory of the fame name, 
at the entrance of the Arabic gulf, now cape Bab-el-Mandeb. 
DEREA, a town of the Peloponnelus, in Arcadia. 
Steph. Byz. 
P ? 3N2 DERE- 
