DES 
tetally difappear, unlefs very minutely infpe&ed, and the 
ower upon the cloth would be much f{maller than that 
aipon the paper 
The following table of the angles formed between. ae 
fid in the fam 
calculated to affit in reducing the d 
nearly as poffible, to correét imitations of the drawings or 
paintings ie which they are taken. 
Tasre fhewing by infoeCtion the angles of obliquity 
formed by colouring the fquares of defign 
each way; the line of woof being taken as the bafe 
Squares of Woof. 
Squares 
of Warp. 
I 45° 29° 18° 14° 17° 9° ge val 6° 
2| 63145 | 34] 27] 22 | 18 | 16} 14 | 13 
3172) 56145 | 37 | 31 | 27 | 23 | 27 | 18 
4 | 76 | 63 | 53 | 45 | 39 | 34 | 30 | 27 | 24 
5 | 79 | 6 | 59 | 52] 45 | 40 | 36 | 32 | 29 
6 | 81 | 72 | 031 56 | 50 | 45 | 41 | 37 | 34 
7 | 82 | 74 | 67 | 60} 54 | 491] 45 | 41 | 38 
8 | 83 | 76 | 69 | 63 | 58 | 53 | 49 | 45 | 42 
9 | 84 1 771 72 1 66 | Or | 56 | 52 | 48 | 45 
The angles weed = continued down to 1° and up to 89°, 
-as follows : arp the number of fquares to be co- 
Joured for one fquare of woof will be for 85° 
86°, 
and for 89°, 53 {q ener 
for the fame numbers the angles will na, be the 
complements of ia quoted, viz. i {quares 5°; es 
4°3 19 fquares 29 fquares 2°; and 53 {quares 1°. 
To fe ee ee table it is neceflary to cbferve, that 
the left hand column from oP to bottom contains the num- 
one or more ce aa top to pai of the paper. The 
pues ies each way is equal, the 
-angle is always 45°, and in all others the angle formed by 
the crofs fquares i 18 i the complement of the one num- 
ber from top to botto The minutes have been wn 
away, being nance in practice, and the neareft See 
whether a little more or lefs, taken. 
When a pattern is to be reduced from‘a common drawin 
to a-defign for weaving, this table. may be of confiderable 
uufe; for if a crofs line be drawn upon the original, the 
angles of pe ed may be taken with very confiderable 
aceuracy by a line of cords, or any of the ufual mathema- 
tical proceffes, and a reference to the table will thew the 
snumber of fquares which, when coloured, will produce the 
effet moft nearly fimilar. Curve lines are formed merely 
by oheene the angles of obliquity, as frequently as necef- 
n it is defirable to make a {mooth uniform 
ry ‘4 always ‘bet to fhift only one {quare at a time, and ma 
the fhifts 
DES 
more frequent; for when many are eee aus 
fquare corners will be always too gue ; but where a 
rough edge is wanted, thefe may be reforted to. 
The calculation of the fize of the Hower upon the cloth, 
compared with that upon the paper, is merely a cafe of 
fimp'e proportion. In order to elec correctly, the 
greateft number of {quares tn from right to left, and 
from top to bottom, muft be counted, and the fize of the 
flower each way meafured 5. i defign-paper is ruled to 
many different f{cales. The number of the reed, or, which 
is the fame thing, the number of warpethreads in a given 
breadth, is then to be afcertained, and alfo how many 
threads are reprefented by each f{quare. Thefe points being 
fixed, the ratio of the one to the other will be readily 
ound. AQ fingle example, taken from the damafk flower, 
(fg. 5-) will illuftrate this. 
‘The iquares coloured from right to left, counting from 
either extremity, are 107, and the meafure is 54 inches. 
From top to bottom the iquares are 113, and the meafure 
3 ne 
aoe it be fuppofed that this pattern is to be wrought 
on what is called a five le af amafk, containing 2400 
threads in the comp vl es. Every fquare will 
then reprefent five dra either way; and the threads con~ 
tained in of ower will be 535. 
Then as 2 23 or nearly By inches, 
$00 5 37° 535 2479s 
The flower, theretore, upon 6 icale, will be 34 inches 
broader upon the cloth than upon the pa ery a the excefs 
of length will be found by a fimilar propor 
But were the fame flower to be wrou ae as a fpot, only. 
two threads would be reprefented by each fquare, and the 
number of warp-threads would be 214 in each flower. Sup- 
pofe then the muflin to be figured, t contain 3200 threads 
in 37 — the proportion would be 
As 3200: 37 3: 214: 2.474, or nearly 22 inches. In 
this cafe the fame flower, on the cloth, Road be Jefs than 
ifference in t 
e webs. In 
the firft, the ratio of icra is dircdily as 2 to 5; in the 
fecond, inverfely as 12 to 
When looms are Sone! to work fanciful patterns, if 
the range is not too extenfive, heddles are ufed, which are 
moved by levers or heddles attached to them below by 
cords, and which are prefled down by the weaver’s feet. 
When the range of alg becomes too extenfive to render 
this mounting convenient, another apparatus is adopted, 
which will be found in the articles Diarer, Mounrine, and © 
e moft extenfive in that of Draw-Loom. e more 
common mountings belong to the article Draucur and 
Cording. 
en sindinge : 
eae fe aa there were da of the confuls 
and ether magiftrates, {ome time before their eleCtion. 
DESIGNATOR, a Roman officer, who affign 
ed and 
marked each eee 9 a and rank in Public ceremo- 
nies, fhows, proce 
The word is formed rie the yas defi deh ee to defign. 
The defignator was a Kind of m matter of the 
ceremonies, r, &c. There 
were defignators at funeral folemnities, and at the games, 
theatres, and fhows, who not only affigned every one his 
place, 
sis or te 
