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a ie beable to apply them to many purpofes of inge- 
sand ufeful practice. This article hall therefore be con- 
ci e ate ew mifcellaneous remarks. 
For he e many ufes to which this kind of machinery may 
be tg tate ie ‘ill feldom be found convenient that levers, 
which are the moft eafy means of communicating motion in 
ae inane, fhould be of equal length at both fides of the 
fuler It will, ee ve neceflary to meafure each 
end, ae to calculat on proportion, the ratio by 
which to adapt we divibons af the wheels to the pe 
each arm from the centre or fulcrum, ‘T a lever, E, (fig. 2 
m the joint to i 
e deeper than the 
others in the proportion by which ee ee E, exceeds the 
lever F. 
Tt will alfo be apparent, that when the frame, H, mo 
upon its joint, the end of the lever, E, will be diewten or de. 
prefled, and thrown off the horizontal radius of the wheel B. 
As the range of motion is fuppofed to be {mall, this may be 
fufficiently countera€ted by the intervention of a friction 
wheel between the lever, and the wheel B, or by many other 
plans. 
In conftru&ting the aan it will alfo be neceffary to pay 
very minute attention, that they may be well fitted, fora very 
{mall deviation fo near to the centre, will produce a great 
aberration a the lever touches the wheel. ‘This may be 
trat wheels, and the cutting in that direction. 
the engine, already defcribed, will work with fufficient accu- 
wheel under the centre of the 
cutter, and adding another fcrew, wheel, and {croll below, 
to ftop the cutter when at a fufficie t Or, if the 
axis of the wheels can be placed horizontally with the rim 
n the fame level with the cutter, the 
rthe many purpofes to which this machinery may be 
adapted, it is impoffible to give precife rules. 
tical engineer, or m lL know, t 
rience, and the ingenious mechanic ceo apply them accard. 
ing to his own judgment and difcreti. 
Diaconar Scale. See Prorens Scale, and Sca 
DIAGORAS, in Biography, a follower of Deaacinie 
was a native of the ifland of Melos; and having been fold 
as a captive in his youth, he was redeemed by Democritus, 
and trained up in the ttudy of philofoph 
vated polite learning, and diftinguifhed himfelf in the art of 
lyric poctry. wever, his entire rcjeétion of religion in- 
curred the reproach of fome of his contemporaries, and has 
tranfmitted his name to pofterity with infamy: and though 
Clemens Alcxandrinus, and others, have endeavoured to 
vindicate his character by alleging that his only intention 
was to ridicule heathen fuperftitions, yet the general voice 
of antiquity has charged him with being the advocate of 
atheiftical principles. As he belonged to the fchool of De- 
mocritus, in which no other principles j in nature befides atoms 
and a vacuum 
a perjured perfon 
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vidence, and from that time he defpifed and ridiculed the 
was in{cribed on a brazen Shs propofing reward of 
a talent to any one who fh ill him, or two talents to 
any one who fhould bring him alive be o the judges 
This happened in the orft olympiad, B. ( rom that 
in equal danger, and afked them whether they thought that 
each of thefe hips alfo carried a Diagoras ; and that after- 
wards, when a friend, in order to convince him that the gods 
are not indifferent to human affairs, defired him to obferve 
o 
es have been told of Diogenes, the 
Cyne a others. Backer s Hilt. of Philof. by Enfield, 
li 
DIAGRAM, from dsaypedw, L defcribe, in Geometry, 
&c. a fcheme for the explanation, or a aout ration, of any 
figure, or the properties thereto belon 
Diaceam, in the Ancient Greek Myf fe, prefented to the 
eye the whole extent of a fyftem; which the moderns ex- 
prefs by Gamut, Scale, Compafs 5 ; which fee. 
DIAGRAMMA, in Jchthyology, a {pecies of Perca, 
which fee, 
i more 
be Diagryom Supra se of fcammony in fine 
ee {pread t a pa of pin holes, and held. 
over the vapour of dere Aocho, with frequent ftirring, 
to prevent the {cammony from fcorching or clotting toge- 
It was fuppofed to be dulcified, and its operation qn 
the human body to be rendered milder and fafer by this ex- 
pofure to the fulphureous acid vapour. ‘This preparation is 
now totally difufed. 
he Diagrydium cum Ligueritia is thus prepared, tied 
to the Pharmacopceia Helvetica: Boil two ounces of liquorice- 
root with three pints of water, till about half a ane 1s Cone 
umed: then rub in a mortar fix ounces of {cammony in fine 
powder, with this liquorice decoétion, and pour off the 
milky liquor from the blackifh fediment which remains. 
Evaporate this liquor with a heat not exceeding that of 
boiling water, firft to the confiftence of an extraét, then dry 
it further, till it becomes hard and pulverulent, 
By this preparation the fcammony lofes much of its naus 
u e, and its acrim ony, but retains a ver owerful 
purgative quality, when in the dofe of from five to twenty 
3Y grains, 
