DIA 
iiaiae? Sortie in —_— Ripa with ae 
ration. By fome it has bee fe infenfible p 
fpiration, or Slug from ce fk ne 8 di ftingtion is 
not generally adopted. See ne 
RETIC Mepicines, are thofe which pro- 
mote a difcharge wa = fin, whether it be by infenfible per- 
{piration, or by fw 
In 
the common i ge of writers, the term diaphoretic 
ngua 
is applied to thofe medicine only which promote the infen- 
fible perfpiration or the teft degrees of ferfible moifture 
on the fkin; and tho Shi occafion {weating, they diftin- 
guifh by the aa of Tadori fic, or fudoriferous ; but as, in 
the oct ranged by authors under thefe titles, we can 
find no difference, but in the degree of force, or what arifes 
from the manner of adminiltration, we may comprehend the 
whole under the title of diaphoretics. 
All the diaphoretic medicines operate either by exciting 
the force of ae epee or by exciting the extreme veffels 
on the furfac the body only ; and the 
take place fometines ralaae Mea fometimes oe ther. As 
the aqueous part blood paffes off by the urine or per- 
{piration, the shen oF thefe excretions muft neceffarily be 
in proportion to the quantity of water, for the time prefent, 
in the mafs of blood; and the pafling of it by the one excre- 
tion or the other, ib - determined by certain circumftances 
of the economy, w we fhall briefly confider 
The ee : ertiation both in health and in dife 
eafe, depends upon the condition of the fltin hers 
although the aftivity of the general circulation, as 
from the effets of na as well as of fome ftates of Ba 
may be confidered as the prime mover of this excretion. 
Thus a coarfe and dark ficin, charafteriftic of the melancholic 
temperament, is lefs difpofed to admit of perfpiration, than 
the foft fkin of the fanguine temperament; and a ftate of 
great fullnefs on the one hand, or 
on the other. 3 the urine and perfpiration are, as it wer 
a ee to each other, varias increafes the difpo- 
fition to the one diminifhes that of the . The ftate of 
the {kin is ae connected with that of ae ftomach ; fo that 
thirft may be relieved by moiftening the flin, and the fin is 
often {peedily eae by certain fubftances, as warm liquors 
taken into the ftoma 
There are two ens: aah rk by which eae ae ve | 
be induced, and the action of fudorific pana 8 promote 
namely, y application to pe fin, and inge 
When the fikin is not i eran un nfavourable to perfpira- 
o the furface of the body, 
d within. 
ay a 
=_— from them, and at the fame time prevent 
the accefs a extern Id. 
u er, to eee the diaphoretic cy a quantity 
of warm liquid may be taken into the ftomach, which not 
ned excites the zeal circulation, but sae by con- 
fent of the veffels on the furface of the body with - 
eean excites the action of thofe veffels ouek pour o 
{weat. The ufe of warm liquids alone, efpecially in the 
efe two operations > Tati 
DIA 
morning, while in bed, where there is ; A ding rae oe to- 
perfpiration, is in flight febrile cafes, mple 
hefe means of covering up the: body eee and 
taking warm liquids into the ftomach, are what we call the fu- 
ou3 pra € 
a tea ood though not maaan accounted i Y> 
that in the hot ft fevers, as in typhus, {car- 
Se 
has frequently employed the lower pe ecold 
ing of the fkin, in the hot ftate of typhus, and a re peripl- 
ration was its almott invariable confequeuce, See CoLp 
peripir: vee page 
the ancients in the 
ae copious a aughts of cold e 
and defcribes the confequences to be ey Teh as are pro= 
duced by the cold affufion excernally, as we have frequently 
witneffed : the patient, he fays, falls into a found fleep, the - 
heat remits, and a free perfpiration breaks out, although he 
had previoufly fuffered much from thirft, heat, and reft- 
leffnefs.  Fereque poft longam fitim et vigiliam, poit mul- 
tam fatietatem, pott infra&tum calorem, plenus fomnus venit, 
per ay ingens Judor effunditur, ee ‘egsoneaa page aux 
2? 
eft.” ce Me icina, lib. i e mentions 
he cme practice ene in the sinh chapter tof the fame book.. 
Galen and hie immediate follow 3 well as the phyficians 
of the fixteenth coca ene ceed uch ufe of 
cold water, and lah for the pur vol of exciting {weat. 
See Lommius e Febr 
we 
day of fever, generally anaee a copious {weat, a 
ort; and 
effe&ts took ce 
There can be ‘little doubt that cold water, received inte . 
the ftomach in the hot ftage of fevers, produces its diaphore- 
tic effe&s in confequence of the fympathy which exiits be» 
tween that organ and the fkin: and in the fame way, mott 
probably, the vegetable acids and the neutral falts operate on 
the cutancous veffels, as is maintained by Dr. Cullen (Mar - 
8 teria) 
