DIARRHGA, 
Se aEN to dire& its treatment with propriety and fuce 
cefs, it is obvioully neceffary to invettizate its rife, progrefs, 
8 preceding and accompanying 
e difeafes which refemble ca ee 
in the leading char are dy {entery, and cholera ; but 
y differ effentially. 
Diarrhoea is to be diftinguifhed ean dyfentery, by being 
e alvine eva acnations Con- 
cee theug 
bet ween the two difeafes, which eccafionally pafs into each 
other 5 a diarrboea, if neglected or improperly treated, fome- 
times ‘be ing converted into dyfentery; and a dyfentery, 
when its worft fymptoms ae been fubdued, fometimes leav- 
ullen mentions the contagious 
peanatl = another diagnoftic fymptom, 
but, this country, and in oe cafes oie ai: 
ly, the: dyfentery is not contagiou 
A. diarrbeea isto be 
diftin ara from a chiefly by 
the difference of their set which, holer of o 
peculiar kind, namely, a profufe eeeine of bile 5 ; a 
in diarrhoea, greatly Aiverfified. Hence the evacuations in 
the diarrhoea are very various; in cholera they confift chief- 
ly or folely of bilious matter, which is copioufly dilcharg- 
ed ee ie and alfo thrown upwards by vomiting. See 
Cuo 
The jarcties in _ een a and ef aeataaes of the 
al erie in diarr only given origin to parti- 
r denominations fore certain form ae difeafe. but the 
ord 
writers asa diftinG difeafe, but Dr. Cullen i 
it a variety of diarrhoea. The fame obfervation applies 
to th celiaca, or celiac paffion, wh ools 
se spuene When the ftoo!s confift of a confiderable portion 
aglairy mucus, the D. mucofa or pituito/a is {aid to exift: 
ae fecretion of the mucus of the inteftines is particularly 
augmented by acrid fubftances paffing through them, 
as draftic ca ae and alfo by the external application 
of cold, efpecially tothe feet. When very watery and thin, 
the D. aig is produced; when black, the mefena, &c. 
See Dejyec 
or] 
Q 
ee aul part of this difeafe, see confifts in a pre- 
ter Limes: iene ae the periftaltic moti and of the fe- 
cretions, in the whole ora pe part of the earn canal ; 
and the redilpohae caufe cf the difeafe, isa peculiar irri- 
tability of the inteftines, and of the fecreting vefflels which 
open upon their internal furface. 
The feveral exciting caufes of diarrhcea may be referred 
é% comprifes diforders of 
of the inteftines witia thefe parts, or from their conneétion 
with the fyitem at large, occafion an er action of the 
inteftines, without the transference of a iliac roatter 
from the primary difeafed part to cea, ate, the gene- 
cannot be exactly afcertained ; but it is probabie 
ral fympathy of the inteftines is often manifefed in Pe 
under the influence of certain paffions of the mind 
fear, and fome others 
may be m ae as a familiar ae as it is 
ifficult and painful without occafioning diarrhcea. The 
fympathy between the fkin and the bowels is particulariy. 
great in many individuals, fo thata chill, or the application 
of cold and sepals efpecially to the feet, will generaliy exe. 
cite a diarrhoea the fame fympathy is fhewn in others, 
by the occurrence of diarrheea from the fuppreffion of cuta- 
neous eruptions, or the {topping of Hee kb or habitual dif. 
charges from fores, 
The fecond clafs of occafional caufes of the increafed aGtion 
of the inteftines, confifts 0 ftimuli which are applied di« 
reCtly to the inteflines ae ae 3 and thee ave 
kinds. They may be fubftances introduced by the mouth 5 
or poured into the inteftines by the feveral excretories open- 
ing into them ; or poured from ee preternatural openings 
made into them in certain difea 
the irritating matters feroeueed by the mouth, the 
dom 
a me ey pepe excite a echo by which the confti- 
tution rids itfelf of the irritation. pai fubflances are 
often mixed with the aliment, or taken as food, which are of 
a ftimulant nature to the inteltines, ae eerie teen in mode- 
rate quantity ; fuch as acefcent apg liquors, vegetable 
acids, crude and four fruits the faline and faccharine 
parts of the a if fake in an over-proportion, will excite 
diarrhoea. There are alfo ecultar ctor in fo 
individuals, in whom parila eum 
mal to derbi ee and the aa. is liable to occa- 
fion diarrhoea; as is a. ange in the water, or bread, te 
which we have been.accultome 
Th ea oe intro: a by the mouth, which may 
the caufes of diarrhoea, are thofe which are taken as 
eria Me 
Th efe, given in a certain quantity, sceaes a temporary 
iven i rge ein or even moderately 
in very irritable habits, they may pro it 2 d 
continue it longer than the oe tae Suicuaa that {pecies 
of diarrheea, named a Aypercatha 
€ matters poured into aie nn of the inteftines, from 
the excretories oa into them, an 
eit re) 
The changes in the pancr- fae papain 
amo 
Her nd acrid fluid may iffue fi ron it, even while ft! evtire in 
ts firuéture, but more efpecialiy when it is in a fuppurated, 
fehirron us, or cancerous flate, an nd occafion diarrhoea. We 
its qualitie 
tamed a 
affording ealeiee of fuch change. (See De EJECTION.) 
Where 
