CON 
which they were haan in the fame manner and conjoint oe 
the reft of the commons; and have ever fince been repre- 
fented in ae te by the fame perfons, which has more 
embodied them with the laity, and prevents the fetting up of 
a church intereft diftin® from that of the people. It is re- 
markable, that this very important alteration in the ftate of 
the kingdom was made without any law, by agreement with 
(Littleton’s Hift. Hen. IL. vol. int.) 
parliament of Ireland, originally formed on the model 
of that oft England, the clergy continued to be members of the 
houfe of commons, wel were excluded by an act of par- 
liament, 28 Hen. . 1536, becaufe they fupported 
the authority of Ae pope, ‘and obitruGted the reformation of 
the church. Whilft the clergy continued,to grant their own 
-money in their convocations, their gr ae is not effectual 
till they were confirmed in parliamen e 15th century 
the clergy of England had great infla cane in all the public 
m, and particul arly in padigment 
ingdom were prefent 7 
ae gre are men were engaged 
otlar 
nd. Befides si 
the ele 
Corolla regular, commonly with a five- 
Stamens generally five, inferted at the bafe of 
the corolla, and alternating with its fegments. Sty/e one, or 
definitely divided ; when one, with a tigma oy a or 
han one, with as man ig 
Fruit pce ofa three-celled, 
more rarely two or four-celled ; 
us, e 
Ge ey with thee edges fe to the 
3 radicle of the arched corculum ieee 
fhut up by the perifperm?) Stems fh 
quently herbaceous 5 many twining ; many | 
alternate, very rarely almoft oppolite, (always fimple, Vent.). 
hi Pole- 
partition mba to 
valve an and from the ate n uit not being gym- 
Us. "Fela affigns a it the follo om Lae 
With a fingle ftyle. Mar ubl. ; uroucoa, 
Aubl.; retzia, Thunb. ; ne. (bumbertia, Com- 
hydrolea, Linn.; fagonea, A creffa, Linn 1. 
lied to the oneal Cufcuta, Linn; 3 aigeate, Linn. ; 
loefelia, 
WV entenae’ a changed the name of the order to convolvu- 
laces, and has 
a 
h. 
‘bell: fhaped or funuel-fhaped, mae 
CON 
eee natural sail) of aaa correfponds exactly with 
e firft two fe&tions o 
CONVOLVUL ue (fo called, a convolvendo, becanfe 
many of the fpecies are slag inn. Gen. 215. Schreb. 
287. Willd. 323. m. Illuft. 296. Gert. 780. Joff. 
133+ Vent. ii. 396. Clafs and order, pentandria monogynia. 
Nat. Ord. Campanacea, Linn. Convolvuli, Jufl. Convel- 
vulacez, Vent. 
. Gen al. perianth five-cleft. Cor. monopetalous, 
{preading, more or lefs five-lobed. 
awl-fhaped, fhorter than the corolla, peer nerin at the 
bafe. Pif. germ fuperior, roundifh ; ftyle filiform ; ae 
fimple o ae Peric, capfule furrounded by the calyx, 
roundifh ; on ks three, or — 3 ee ae. three,’ 
four, or eves ‘va See or two in cell. 
Eff. Ch. 
Five. re bell or ae fined. Stip- 
mas one or two. Pericarp a capfule, or dry berry. Seeds 
one or two in each c 
~ Obf, Authors often call the calyx five-leaved, vee it is 
very deeply five-cleft. 
* Stems sea 
p. x. C. arvenfis. : tome 
Encye. a. Lam. Lil. 2 an “willd t. Bauh. Pi 
Flor, Dan. tab. 459. Curt. ae — 2.13 
31 Hit. 
Lob : . fig. 2. C 
Tourn. Inft. 83. Smilax 
Helxine foliis Pe ag) ciflampelo 
Epit. 7 « Leaves arrow-fha ad lobes acute ; flow 
generally folitary 5 Gees minute, awl-haped, remote from 
wer.” Root perennial, creeping, ftriking deeply into 
the sain not eafily extirpated. Stems numerous, angular. 
Leaves alternate, petioled, {moothifh. Flowers fleth-co- 
loured, fometimes white, fweet-fcented, opening only in clear 
aeent peduncles axillary, A alate | one-flowered, thick- 
above. troublefome .weed in epee ground, 
patie eee ws the ee > wheat, and other kinds 
of corn, and thence in many parts of England called bind. 
we The blofioms give a 
by alum and alkalis 
parts of Europe. 2. C. auriculatus. Defr. 3. Lam. ae 
(C. arvenfis @; Linn. C. minimus, angufto auriculato fo- 
lio; Bocce. Mut. tab. 33. Pluk. Alm, 116, tab. 24. fig. 
C. ‘ancite minimus; Rai. Syn . 276.) ** Leaves linear, 
haftate-acuminate ; lobes entire.” Diflinguithed from the 
preceding by its narrow e eer leaves, oS petals, and 
w tive of Great Britain, 
and other parts of Europe: found by Com ane i nin the Ifle 
f France, where it is {uppofed to hee = dar with 
wheat = om Perfia. 3. Lin Mart. 2 
efr. 
6 Tees arrow-fhaped ; 3 lobes. 
truncate ; peduncles {quare, one-flowered ;_ brates larger 
than the calyx, and clofe to it.” @ americanus; with a 
flefh-coloured flower. Bot. Mag. 732. Root perennial, 
about the thicknefs ‘of a goofe-quill, white, creeping; nor 
ily eradicated. Stems numerous, from fix to ten inches’ 
igh, ore, angular, ooth, t ‘ae branched. 
eaves siti petioled, dependent wers large, ge- 
nerall » fometimes flefh-coloured; neGary a yellow 
= frrounding the bafe of the sea ie native i Great _ 
Britaing 
